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  5. Psychology B
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  7. Unit 4 PSYB4 - Approaches, Debates and Methods in Psychology

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Approaches revision summary

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  • AQA

It’s an in-dept knowledge of all approaches including, Behaviourist approach, Social Learning Theory, Cognitive Approach, Biological Approach, Psychodynamic Approach and Humanistic Approach, all of the approaches have in-depth AO1 and in-depth evaluation AO3.

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  • June 15, 2024
  • 7
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary

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Approaches

, Behaviourist Approach – Behaviour is learnt through association and reinforcement
Classical Conditioning: Behaviour is learnt through association Operant Conditioning: Behaviour is learnt through reinforcem

Evidence Support : Pavlov dog and their conditional response to bell of Evidence support: Skinner’s Rat Experiment
salvation.

Before Conditioning: Positive Reinforcement:
Unconditioned Stimulus – Food Behaviour – Rat Presses Lever – Reward (Food)
Unconditioned Response – Salvation The behaviour continues – (The rat presses lever)

During Conditioning: Negative Reinforcement:
Neutral Stimulus (Bell) + Unconditioned Stimulus (Food) Behaviour – Rat Presses Lever – Removal of Negative Stimulu
Unconditioned response – Salvation The behaviour continues – (The rat presses lever)

After Conditioning: Punishment:
Bell becomes = Conditioned Stimulus Behaviour – Rat Presses Lever – Negative Outcome (Electric S
Conditioned Response = Salvation The behaviour stops – (Rat does not press lever)

A03 – Evaluation
It’s scientific – Research Support
It was a lab experiment meaning it has more validity due to lack of extraneous variables

Real World Application – It led to effective treatments such as systematic desensitization to treat OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder)

Biologically Reductionist – As it doesn’t consider the role of evolutionary factors in behaviour.
The fear of snakes and dark in evolutionary which approach identify as abnormal

The theory ignores the role of Free Will

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