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DAT Natural Sciences Practice exam terms Questions with 100% correct answers
DAT Natural Sciences Practice exam terms Questions with 100% correct answers
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DAT Natural Sciences Practice examterms
what does the endodermis do? - ✅✅-regulates passage of substances from the
soil into the vascular cylinder
What is allelopathy? - ✅✅ -the chemical inhibition of one plant (or other organism)
by another, due to the release into the environment of substances acting as
germination or growth inhibitors.
What is intraspecific competition? - ✅✅-competition between members of the
same species
What is a deuterostome? -✅✅-blastopore becomes anus
What is a protostome? - ✅✅-Type of coelomate whose mouth develops before the
anus
✅✅
What are peripheral proteins? how could you take them off? what does centrifugation
do? - -They are bound to the surface of the membrane;;;;; by changing the salt
concentration;;;;;;; disrupts cell membrane and releases its contents and fragments
✅✅
What do detergents do? what is the difference between microtubles and
microfilaments? - -solubilize membranes and disrupt proteins;;;;; microtubules
are at centrioles, and microfilaments are in muscles and composed of actin
Glycolysis is exergonic because it releases energy overall;;; what are fungi cell walls
made up of that make them unique?
✅✅-glucans and chitin
Oligodendrocytes = CNS
Schwann cells = PNS -
Fish in freshwater environments:? In contrast, fish in saltwater environments (i.e.
marine fish):
NAME characteristics - ✅✅ -Are hyperosmotic relative to their environment
Drink very little water
Salt enters the gills via active transport
Produce large volume of urine
Are hypoosmotic relative to their environment
,Constantly drink
Salt leaves the gills via active transport
Produce low volume of urine
what is the function of the allantois? -✅✅-Storage of waste until the placenta takes
over, early blood formation and development of the urinary bladder.
What is aneuploidy? - ✅✅-Abnormal number of chromosomes.
What is brackish water? Which biome is characterized as the largest biome on Earth
✅✅
with long harsh, snowy winters, short rainy and humid summers and with a
landscape dominated by conifers? - -salt water;;;; Taiga
what is a deciduous forest biome? what is a chaparral biome? - ✅✅ -cold winters
with warm summers and moderate levels of precipitation and soil is rich;;;;; highly
seasonal precipitation with rainy winters and dry summers.
Embryonic mesoderm in humans develops into what? - ✅✅ -muscle and
connective tissue which includes blood and bone, as well as circulatory and
reproductive systems
what does the embryonic ectoderm become? - ✅✅-epidermis and nervous system
including the brain
what will the embryonic endoderm become? - ✅✅ -epithelial lining of respiratory
tract and digestive tract which includes glands accessory organs like liver and
pancreas
✅✅
What is the concentration of Bi3+ in a saturated solution containing 0.01 M of S2-?
Assume the Ksp of bismuth sulfide is 10-70. - -Bismuth sulfide dissolves in
water as follows:
Bi2S3(s) ↔ 2Bi3+(aq) + 3S2-(aq)
Ksp = [Bi3+]2 [S2-]3 = 10-70
Therefore, [Bi3 ]2 = 10-70 / [S2-]3
= 10^-70 /( 0.01)^3
= 10^-^-6=
10^-64
[Bi3+] =√10^-64
= 10-32 M
What is parthenogenesis? - ✅✅-The spontaneous activation of an unfertilized
mature egg followed by normal divisions and subsequent embryonic development
, What is fragmentation? - ✅✅-Asexual reproduction in which a body part is lost and
then regenerates into a new organism
✅✅
What is the concentration of Fe2+ at equilibrium if the Ksp of FeS equals 6.0 x 10-19
in an aqueous solution of pure water? - -Find the balanced chemical equation:
FeS (s)àFe2+ (aq) + S2- (aq)
Find the equilibrium expression:
Ksp = [Fe2+][S2-]
Solve:
6.0 x 10-19 = [Fe2+][S2-]
6.0 x 10-19 = x2
x = sqrt(6.0 x 10-19)
Recall that a propagation step is any step that has at least one radical on both sides
✅✅
of the equation. Thus we should look for a step in which there is at least one radical
on both sides of the equation. - -
thin layer chromatography? what has the highest Rf? - ✅✅ -a separation technique
that involves the separation of small molecules as they move through a silica gel;;;;;;
the ones with only carbon and hydrogens
What is the Rf value? what is a Grignard reagent? - ✅✅ -The movement of a
substance during chromatography, relative to the movement of the solvent, is
measured by calculating its Rf (retardation factor);;;;;
RMgBr with H3O+, makes esters into tertiary alcohols
✅✅
when you have an alkyne, what is the difference between H2,Lindlar and Na,NH3
reactions? what is the result of bromination of toluene? - -H2,Lindlar forms a
cis alkene
Na,NH3 forms a trans alkene
Br2, FeBr3 makes p-bromotoluene
✅✅
what does NaBH4,EtOH do to aldehydes? what does PBr3 do to primary alcohols? -
-makes them to primary alcohols;;;;; takes off the alcohol and switches it with
Br
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