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SCRN Exam questions and answers
SCRN Exam questions and answers
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SCRN Exam questions and answersPenumbra - answer-Salvageable tissue
-oxygen
-blood pressure
-Glucose
Perfusion - answer-What oxygen delivers to the brain.
Above the necklace-Anterior Circulation= - answer-Unilateral deficits
Below the necklace-Posterior circulation= - answer-Bilateral deficits
Circle of Willis-Collateral circulation= - answer-Aneurysm
Cerebrum - answer-largest part of the brain
Cerebrum: Frontal Lobe - answer-Motor function, personality, Brocca speech
Brocca's aphasia-frontal lobe - answer-problem with the production and grammar
speech syntax, people know what they want to say but they cant produce the
words.
temporal lobe - answer-Seizure, Wernicke speech, hearing
Wernicke's aphasia (receptive aphasia)-temporal lobe - answer-impaired auditory
reception; speech may be fluent but is often meaningless or nonsensical
parietal lobe - answer-sensory input for touch and body position-neglect
-teach patient to scan the room
occipital lobe - answer-vision
,basal ganglia - answer-Hypertensive bleed
Thalamus - answer-sensory switchboard, located on top of the brainstem;
-Patient waxing and waning
-Patient asleep/awake
-Thalamic pain syndrome
thalamic pain syndrome - answer-a condition caused by damage to the thalamus
resulting in burning or tingling sensations and possibly hypersensitivity to things
that would not normally be painful such as light touch or temperature change
Cerebellum - answer-Balance and coordination
Left (Dominant) Hemisphere Stroke - answer--Left gaze preference (looks toward
stroke area)
-Right hononomous hemianopia
-Right hemiparesis
-Right hemisensory loss
-Aphasia
Right (Nondominant) Hemisphere Stroke - answer--Right gaze preference
-Left hononomous hemianopia
-Left hemiparesis, plegia
-Left hemisensory loss
*Neglect-left
*Agnosia (failure to recognize objects)
Posterior circulating stroke syndromes= - answer-Wallenburg (Medulla)
Horner's Syndrome
Wallenberg syndrome - answer-Nystagmus, Vertigo
Horner's syndrome - answer-ipsilateral ptosis
miosis
anhidrosis
Ipsilateral - answer-on the same side of the body
,Contralateral - answer-on the opposite side of the body
Miosis - answer-constricted pupils
anhidrosis - answer-absence of sweating
Locked-in syndrome - answer-PONS
How do you communicate with someone with locked-in syndrome? -
answer-Blinking eye movement
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis - answer-Hypercoagulopathy state
Post-partum/PREGNANCY
Carotid or Vertebral dissection-TRAUMA - answer-Trauma most common cause
TX: anticoagulation
Arterio-venous Fistula - answer-Ptosis-eyeball pops out
Hears swishing
Carotid Cavernous Fistula - answer-Arterial venous connection between carotid
artery and cavernous sinus---"the bulging red eye"
-can be high-flow or low-flow
-high flow results in patients with atherosclerosis and HTN with carotid
aneurysms that rupture within sinus or secondary to closed head trauma (*basal
skull fracture*)
-S&S of high-flow: headache and confusion; *orbital bruit
Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) - answer-Type A-High pressure
Type B-Low pressure
Type C-Low pressure
Type D-Low pressure
Moyamoya disease - answer-"Puff of Smoke"
Japanese, young female, genetic
Small, thin walled torturous arteries
, Spontaneous stenosis, eventual occlusion
TX: antiplatelet, CCB, surgery
Moyamoya - answer-Small, thin walled torturous arteries
TX: surgery-re-establish blood flow to ischemic area
SYNANGIOSIS- creation of new vessels
Vasculitis- - answer-Inflammation of blood vessels
Answer: Steriod
cavernous angioma - answer-"less common than AVM. Similar to cavernous
angioma elsewhere (liver). Formed by large irregular thin-walled vascular
channels. Most are asymptomatic, may cause bleeding, epilepsy, or focal neuro
problems"
CT Scan=PURPLE LESION
Dural arteriovenous fistula - answer-Abnormal arteriovenous shunts that occur in
the POSTERIOR DURA
Usually acquired from trauma and associated with obstruction of venous sinus
Stroke mimics - answer--Todd's Paralysis (postictal)
-migraine with aura
-Bell's Palsy
-Hypoglycemia
-MS
-Hypertensive encephalopathy
-Wernicke's
-Central venous sinus thrombosus
-ICH - SAH/SDH/EDH
-Brain tumor
-Conversion disorder
-Meningitis/Encephalitis/Abscess
TIA - answer-transient ischemic attack....mini stroke, no dead tissue.
Warning sign of potential or future stroke
Symptoms resolve in minutes to hours
No permanent neurological deficits
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