Exam (elaborations)
Surgical ICU Questions with 100% correct answers
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- TESTS PREP 2024
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- TESTS PREP 2024
Surgical ICU Questions with 100% correct answers
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Surgical ICUWhat is the nurse to patient ratio in the ICU? - ANS-1:2, with nursing care needed every
hour on the hour
Who is the primary care provider when the patient enters a closed ICU? - ANS-the ICU
staff
What procedures can occur bedside in the ICU? - ANS-most all, bronch, central lines
Where can central lines be placed? - ANS-subclavian, internal jugular, and femoral
Of the these sites, which is more prone to infections and why? - ANS-the femoral site bc
the groin is dark moist and grows stuff so typically don't leave it more than 24 hours
What are central lines made of and what size and type are mostly used? -
ANS-polyurethane, 7 french, triple lumen
What does PIC stand for and what is it made of? - ANS-peripheral inserted catheter,
made of silicone
Why is heparin preferred for anticoagulation? - ANS-bc it is short acting and reversible
What is the MOA of heparin?? - ANS-inhibition of platelets, binds to antithrombin II
which then inactivates thrombin and other proteases involved in blood clotting, most
notably factor Xa.
What reverses heparin? - ANS-Protamine Sulfate
What is the route and dose typically administered of heparin? - ANS-subQ injections
5000 units every 8 hours for prophylaxis
What lab would you use to guide treatment with heparin? - ANS-PTT- not the PT/INR!!
What is not typically given as an anticoagulant to patients that have a risk for bleeding
or renal failure, even though it is easier than heparin? - ANS-Lovenox
Besides heparin and lovenox, what are other common anticoagulants? - ANS-aspirin,
plavix, and warfarin
, What GI risk are patients in the ICU prone to? - ANS-stress ulcers, they are NPO and
so the acid is more concentrated, give Pepcid or PPI by I V, risk decreases once they
start eating
Why can a PIC stay in longer? - ANS-bc they travel longer before reaching a central
vessel, thick fluids may be harder to push through for this reason and they are more
likely to clot
What does a PIC have for multiple meds? - ANS-multiple ports
What are some uses for PIC lines? - ANS-for large volume infusions, to give caustic or
irritating meds like TPN
What can lead o subclavian stenosis due to occlusion from large caliber tube? -
ANS-dialysis with large caliber tube
What is important to control and is heightened in the ICU? - ANS-PAIN
What are 3 pain medications often used in the ICU? - ANS-Morphine, Fentanyl and
Diluadid
Which pain medication has to be renally dose adjusted? - ANS-Morphine
Morphine decreases ___ ___ due to systemic release of histamine. - ANS-blood
pressure
What is the duration of 1 injection of fentanyl? - ANS-about 1 hour....it is very short
acting I V
Do we renally adjust fentanyl? - ANS-nope
Which pain med is good for head injury and why? - ANS-Fentanyl, bc it is short acting
so if pt gets too much it will wear off quick
Why would we sedate a pt in ICU? - ANS-if the are on ventilator
What is the RASS? - ANS-Richmond agitation sedation scale
What are the scores for RASS and what is the goal? - ANS-goal is -1 to +1
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