WGU C215 Study Guide - FINAL
Total Quality Management (TQM) Philosophy - ANS-1. customer focus
2. continuous improvement
3. employee empowerment
4. use of quality tools
5. product design
6. process management
7. managing supplier quality
Process Capability Index (Cpk) - ANS-Basic function of Six Sigma. Measures the
process potential and performance of processes. The higher the range of Cpk, the
improved is the ability of the process to complete its necessities.
Six Sigma - ANS-A disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating
defects (driving toward six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest
specification limit) in any process - from manufacturing to transactional and from
product to service.
Design Capacity - ANS-The theoretical maximum output of a system in a given period
under ideal conditions.
Location Analysis - ANS-proximity to customers, transportation, source of labor,
community attitude, proximity to suppliers, and many other factors.
The technique for determining location decisions.
Line Processes - ANS-A type of process used to produce a large volume of a
standardized product.
■ Limited customization and high volume
Batch Processes - ANS-A type of process used to produce a small number of products
in groups or batches based on customer orders or specifications.
■ High customization moderate volume
Project Processes - ANS-A type of process used to make a one-at-a-time product
exactly to customer specifications.
,■ Most custom and lowest volume
Continuous Processes - ANS-A type of process that operates continually to produce a
high volume of a fully standardized product.
- No customization and as high a volume as possible
Bottleneck - ANS-Longest task in the process.
Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) - ANS-A type of automated system that combines
the flexibility of intermittent operations with the efficiency of continuous operations.
Output/Input Control - ANS-A technique for monitoring the flow of jobs between work
centers.
Value-Added - ANS-The net increase created during the transformation of inputs into
final outputs.
Hybrid Layouts - ANS-Layouts that combine characteristics of process and product
layouts.
- Group technology layouts.
- Cell technology layouts.
- Grocery stores use hybrid layouts
Relationship Chart (REL) - ANS-Table that reflects opinions of managers with regard to
the importance of having any two departments close together.
Rectilinear Distance - ANS-The shortest distance between two locations using
north-south and east-west movements.
From-To Matrix - ANS-Table that gives the number of trips or units of product moved
between any pair of departments.
Block Plan - ANS-Schematic showing the placement of resources in a facility.
Mean Observed Times - ANS-The average of the observation times for each of the work
elements.
, Normal Time - ANS-The mean observed time multiplied by the performance rating factor
by the frequency of occurrence.
Standard Time - ANS-The length of time it should take a qualified worker using
appropriate process and tools to complete a specific job, allowing time for personal
fatigue and unavoidable delays.
Just-in-Time (JIT) - ANS-A philosophy designed to achieve high-volume production
through elimination of waste and continuous improvement. Based on a "pull" system
rather than a "push" system. The three elements are just-in-time manufacturing, total
quality management, and respect for people.
Kanban card - ANS-A card that specifies the exact quantity of product that needs to be
produced.
Tier One Suppliers - ANS-Supplies materials or services directly to the processing
facility.
These are the suppliers that put products in specific containers or packages.
Internal Functions companies
Tier Two Suppliers - ANS-Directly supplies materials or services to a tier-one supplier in
the supply chain.
Suppliers of the specialty materials for the tier one suppliers to be able to produce the
packaging necessary for different products.
Think cardboard, plastic, glass, chemicals.
Tier Three Suppliers - ANS-Directly supplies materials or services to a tier two supplier
in the supply chain.
These are companies that extract raw materials.
Oil, raw chemical materials, wood.
Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP) - ANS-Determines the labor and machine
resources needed to fill the open and planned orders generated by the MRP.
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