Exam (elaborations)
Penn Foster Pharmacology_ GI drugs.
Penn Foster Pharmacology_ GI drugs.
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Penn Foster Pharmacology: GI drugsEmetics - ANS-Drugs which induce vomiting
Within 2-4 hours - ANS-When should emetics be administered in order to be effective?
Apomorphine - ANS-This morphine derivative stimulates dopamine receptors in the
CRTZ which, in turn, activate the vomiting center in the medula.
Xylazine - ANS-This medication is used to induce vomiting in cats within 3-5 minutes.
Hydrogen peroxide - ANS-What household chemical can be used in 3% solution to
induce vomiting by directly irritating the oropharynx and stomach lining.
Chlorpromazine and Prochlorperazine - ANS-What 2 phenothiazine derivative centrally
acting anti-emetics act by blocking dopamine receptors in the CRTZ and may directly
affect the vomiting center.
Metoclopramide - ANS-What procainamide derivative has both central and peripheral
antiemetic activities. It blocks dopamine receptors in the CRTZ and acts peripherally to
increase gastric contraction, speed gastric emptying, and strengthening cardiac
sphincter tone.
Antihistamines - ANS-What type of anti-emetics are most effective in dogs and cats
experiencing motion sickness or inner ear problems. They also cause sedation.
1. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
2. Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
3. Meclizine - ANS-Name 3 antihistamines that can be used to treat motion sickness in
dogs and cats.
Ondansetron - ANS-What 3 medication blocks serotonin receptors on vagal nerve
terminals and in the CRTZ? It is particularly effective during chemotherapy.
Maropitant citrate (Cerenia) - ANS-What very common antiemetic blocks NK-1
receptors in the CRTZ?
1. H2 receptor antagonists
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