KINE 3100 Final
Normalization - ANS-Term by Nirje= to make living conditions for those with disabilities
as normal as possible
Nirje originally working w/ppl with ID. Wanting to make rhythm of life same for those
w/ID.
Wolfensburg reformulated definition to emphasize "cultural normative lifestyle."
Does not mean make them into non-disabled ppl but rather normal housing, education,
work, leisure conditions.
Deinstitutionalization - ANS-Introduction of Thorazine offers hope for treating patients
outside of hospital settings
Laws meant to help people with mental disabilities by getting them out of state prisons
and allowing them to live in society rather than an inhumane hospital backfired and
have left many people homeless and in a cycle of incarceration.
Kennedy signed bill Community Mental Health as beginning of deinstitutionalization but
was assassinated 6 months later and it was never fully funded.
In 1965 Congress establishes Medicaid and Medical but people in psych hospitals not
eligible for those programs which made people leave to be eligible.
IN 1967 CA governor Ronald Reagan signs Lanterman-Petris-Short Act which protects
patients from being institutionalized against their will for an extended period of time. The
psych hospitals emptied but they didn't go to group homes, and instead began to end up
in jails and prisons.
1981 US Govt passes Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act which cuts budget for mental
health by 30%. This leads to a major continuing homeless problem in cities to this day.
Overall basis is there was no continuum of alternative placement, skills weren't taught to
assimilate into society.
Mainstreaming - ANS-Precursor to Regular Education Initiative (REI) and inclusion
Not a legal term or in law, was meant to explain/education Least Restrictive
Environment but not rush into general education either
REI - ANS-Precursor to Inclusion started in late 1980's by special ed teachers and
lasted to early 1990's when Inclusion began.
Inclusion - ANS-Meant for students to be educated "to the maximum extent appropriate"
in general education placement by bringing support to students in the general setting
rather than taking the students out to receive support.
Requires that student benefit from this rather than struggle to keep up.
, Full inclusion= in general setting, all services brought to child.
Supporters believe child should always start in GE and only removed when appropriate
services cannot be provided.
No federal laws require inclusion but they require an effort be made to find an inclusive
placement
Law requires school districts to have continuum of placements and degree of inclusion
be driven by IEP not what is convenient for district/parents.
Inclusion in PE means students is in GPE in age-appropriate setting following "Principle
of Natural Proportions and Portability" and are only removed when too disruptive or
stigmatizing.
Not many students are placed in adapted PE (APE), the problem is that physical
educators are not educated on how to handle inclusive settings, they may take just one
APE course and many report feeling ill-prepared.
IDEA definition - ANS-A child with a disability means child w/intellectual disability,
hearing impairment, speech/language impairment, visual impairment, serious emotional
disturbance, orthopedic impairment, autism, TBI, learning disability, or other health
impairments that require special education and related services.
Ages 3-21 must have IEP, individualized education program developed by a planning
committee. Also, IFSP, individualized family service plan for infants/toddlers'
w/disabilities.
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE): students' w/disabilities must be educated in the
least restrictive environment, around those w/o disabilities when safe and possible.
Section 504 definition - ANS-Anyone who has a physical or mental impairment that
substantially limits one or more major life activities, has a record of it. All children
covered under 504 are not necessarily covered under IDEA. (Can be w/out disability but
have injuries/low fitness/obese)
Provides that no otherwise qualified person with a disability, solely by reason of that
disability, be excluded from participation in, denied the benefits of, or subjected to
discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.
Individuals' w/Disabilities Education Act - ANS-Individuals' w/Disabilities Education Act:
Designed to ensure all children had access to free, appropriate public education that
emphasizes special education and related services designed to meet their unique
needs and prepare them for employment and independent living
Americans with Disabilities Act - ANS-this extended civil rights protection in all areas of
life. Required buses, fitness centers, telecommunications etc. where appropriate, that
reasonable accommodations be made for individuals with disabilities.
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