BUSMHR 3100 - Groups and Teams
Group - ANS-(1) two or more freely interacting individuals who (2) share norms and (3)
goals and (4) have a common identity
influence the behavior of individual members partly through roles and norms
Effective groups ensure that both roles (task/maintenance) are being fulfilled
Team - ANS-a small number of people who are committed to: a common purpose,
performance goals, and an approach for which they hold themselves collectively
accountable
A team is more than a group
Accountability shifts from strictly individual to both individual and collective
More focused on problem solving and continuous improvement
Effectiveness is measured by the groups' collective outcomes and products ("we win or
lose together!")
overlap happens between teams
Formal Group - ANS-assigned by an organization or its managers to accomplish
specific goals
Ex. work group; committee; team
often overlaps with informal
Informal Group - ANS-when members' overriding purpose of getting together is
friendship or a common interest
Ex. Interest group; alumni group
often overlaps with formal
Roles - ANS-a set of expected behaviors for a particular position
at the individual level
, pertain to a specific job or situation
Task Roles - ANS-enable the work group to define, clarify, and pursue a common
purpose (keep the group "on track")
Maintenance Roles - ANS-foster supportive and constructive interpersonal relationships
(keep the group "together")
Norms - ANS-the attitudes, opinions, feelings, or actions - shared by two or more people
- that guide behavior
help create order and allow groups to function efficiently (so group doesn't need to
figure out how to do things over and over)
shared phenomena
apply to group, team, or organizational level
Benefits of Groups for the Individual: - ANS-- greater availability of, and access to,
resources, etc.
- affiliation
- security and protection
- self-esteem and sense of identity
- problem solving
Benefits of Groups for the Organization: - ANS--Task accomplishment (e.g., that couldn't
be done by one person)
-Increased creativity and innovation
-Increase collaboration (e.g., cross-functional, etc.)
-(Usually) better decision making (e.g., for complex decisions)
-Helps socialize newcomers
Tuckman's Model of Group Development - ANS-1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Norming
4. Performing
5. Adjourning
Forming - ANS-ice breaking stage; uncertain about who is in charge but formal or
informal leader should emerge
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