Exam (elaborations)
Bonent Exam (2)
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- BONENT - Reviewer
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- BONENT - Reviewer
Exam of 14 pages for the course BONENT - Reviewer at BONENT - Reviewer (Bonent Exam (2))
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Bonent ExamTMP - ANS-Transmembrane pressure is a combination of positive pressure pushing the
fluid from the blood across the dialyzer membrane an negative pressure on the
dialysate
Osmosis - ANS-Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Diffusion - ANS-Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area
of lower concentration.
Conductivity - ANS-The ability of a solution to to carry an electrical current
pH - ANS-The measure of alkalinity or acidity in a solution
Blood pH perimeters - ANS-7.35-7.45
Buffer - ANS-Keeps the pH of a solution constant
Urea - ANS-waste product formed in the liver, filtered out of the blood by the kidneys,
and excreted in urine
uremia, azotemia - ANS-excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood
caused by kidney failure
oliguria - ANS-Decreased urine output
Creatinine - ANS-nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine
Normal Creatinine - ANS-0.7-1.5mg/dl
Prerenal failure - ANS-Any body process that diminishes blood to the kidneys, that
causes the kidneys to fail
Causes of prerenal failure - ANS-shock with very low sustained bp
dehydration caused by n/v
sepsis
hemorrhage
, chf
ventricular hypertrophy
nephron - ANS-the functional unit of the kidney where filtration, and waste removal take
place
The glomerulus - ANS-A ball of capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule in the
nephron and serving as the site of filtration in the vertebrate kidney.
Bowman's capsule - ANS-cup-shaped structure of the nephron of a kidney which
encloses the glomerulus and which filtration takes place.
Chronic Kidney disease - ANS-Is either kidney damage or glomerular filtration rate less
than 60 ml per minute for three months
cardiovascular disease - ANS-a disease of the heart and blood vessels
What is the major cause of death in ESRD patients? - ANS-Cardiovascular disease
Hypertension - ANS-high blood pressure
left ventricular hypertrophy - ANS-Muscle enlargement in the left ventricle causing the
heart to lose pumping power resulting in CHF
Congestive heart failure - ANS-A condition resulting from the heart's inability to pump
out all the blood that returns to it; blood backs up in the veins leading to the heart,
causing an accumulation of fluid in various parts of the body
pericarditus - ANS-inflammation of the pericardium
Pericardium - ANS-Membrane surrounding the heart
Immunosuppressed - ANS-Referring to a patient whose immune system is unhealthy
because of a disease, medication, and genetics; these patients can be particularly
susceptible to attack by microorganisms.
Anemia - ANS-A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in
hemoglobin, or in total volume.
How long do RBC live in dialysis patients? - ANS-60 days or half of the normal life span
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