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Ethics Test 1 (from notes in Canvas_class).
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- PHI 101 Ethics OF DATA SCIENCE
Ethics Test 1 (from notes in Canvas_class).
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Ethics Test 1 (from notes inCanvas/class)
Moral reasoning is reasoning about what one ought to morally do. Although all
moral choice can be seen as personal choice, some choices can bee seen as
economic choices. Furthermore, ethical choices derive from some specific
ethical code and/or they are regulated by one's ethical relationships with
others. Reasoning morally is adopting a code of conduct that engenders and
is conductive to critical thinking and rational discourse. - correct answer-Moral
Reasoning & Reasoning Morally
Critical thinking is that mode of thinking-about any subject, content, or
problem-in which the thinker improves the quality of his or her thinking by
skillfully taking charge of the structures inherent in thinking and imposing
intellectual standards upon them.
Critical thinking is the use of those cognitive skills or strategies that increase
the probability of a desirable outcome. It is purposeful, reasoned, ad goal
directed. It is the kind of thinking involved in solving problems, formulating
inferences, calculating likelihoods, and making decisions.Critical thinkers use
these skills appropriately, without prompting, and usually with conscious intent,
in a variety of settings. That is, they are predisposed to think critically. When
we think critically, we are evaluating the outcomes of our thought
processes-how good a decision is or how well a problem is solved. Critical
thinking also involves evaluating the think - correct answer-Critical Thinking
and a working definition of critical thinking
recognizing that a problem exists
developing an orderly, planful approach so that tasks are prioritized and
problems are recognized as differing with regard to how serious and urgent
they are
understanding how cause is determined
recognizing and criticizing assumptions
analyzing means-goals relationships
, giving reasons to support a conclusion
assessing degrees of likelihood and uncertainty
incorporating isolated data into a wider framework
using analogies to solve problems
relating new knowledge to information that was previously learned
using numerical information, including the ability to think probabilistially, and
express thoughts numerically
using matrices and other diagrams to communicate
synthesizing information from a variety of sources
determining credibility and using this information in formulating and
communicating decisions
selecting among alternatives with the use of a reasoned method - correct
answer-Generic list of thinking skills that would be applicable in many
situations
Rational discourse is the giving and receiving of reasons, according to
commonly agreed upon standards of verification, for the purpose of
distinguishing truth from falsehood, appearance from reality, and mere opinion
from informed opinion. - correct answer-Rational Discourse
The Fallibility Principle
The Truth-Seeking Principle
The Principle of Charity
The Burden of Proof Principle - correct answer-The Four Principles (if
adopted, will enable one to reason morally)
When alternative positions are under review, each participant in the discussion
should acknowledge the possibility that any one (or none) of the positions
presented may be deserving of acceptance. In other words, any (or none) of
the positions may be justified, acceptable, adequate, defensible, or true.
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