Following the specification, I crafted these notes during my A level course. Beginning with the acid reactions of carboxylic acids, to the hydrolysis of esters. These notes will help you go that extra mile during your studies. Using them myself helped me go from a C in year 12 to an A at the end of...
carboxylic acids can form I bonds permanent -d forces between
-
+
molecules
Alkanes form H bonds between molecules
-
It bonds London forces
-
are stronger than
Carboxylic Kids higher melting point
-
have a
vs .
Alconols -
C .
AYmelting point -
has Hands + Permanent -d forces
~
alconos only have it bonds.
carboxylic acids are soluble in water-formsA bonds +
d-dforces with other
water molecules.
Acid Reactions
Reacts with Metals : Na
= =
D
7 .
(Hy -c +
Na -
CHz-C + Ht
10 -
H 20 - Nat
+
CH3 (80 H + Na -
CHz(08-Nat + H
-
2 .
2
CHy-co -
H
+
My
--
(CH3(88) , My +
He
[Mg]* [CHs(8s]
-
2 CHy(80H +
My --
, Reacts with Bases : NaOH
J
CH3-CE-Nat
=
+
NaOH >
CH3 C + He
- -
-
0 -
I
Reacts With Metal Oxides :
Nazo
11 &
0
<(CHy-c
= D =
2 >
CHe-c Nano
-
+ +
H-8
0 -
H 10 -- Nat
Reactions with Carbonates (Tests for Carboxylic acids) :
Ca(b>
2
ICha-c ) -
-
Cacon >
-
(Chy-cEo]a]" +
Ho
fizzing
+ solid dissolves
if gas passed though
lime water ,
turns milky
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