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MN551 FINAL (PATHOPHYSIOLOGY) TEST BANK WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS #1
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- MN 551-PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
MN551 FINAL (PATHOPHYSIOLOGY) TEST BANK WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS #1
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MN551 FINAL (PATHOPHYSIOLOGY) TEST BANK WITHVERIFIED ANSWERS #1
A 32-year-old man is complaining of burning, itching, photophobia, and severe pain in
his right eye after swimming in the ocean. To determine that the eye condition is corneal
rather than a conjunctival disease, which of the following would be the distinguishing
symptom?
A.) Burning
B.) Itching
C.) Photophobia
D.) Severe pain - correct answer Severe pain
A woman with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has been ordered by her primary care
provider to have a hemoglobin A1C test for the first time. The woman states, "I don't see
why you want to test my blood cells when it's sugar that's the problem." What aspect of
physiology will underlie the care provider's response to the patient?
A.)The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose
levels over the life of the cell.
B)Hemoglobin synthesis by the bone marrow is inversely proportionate to blood glucose
levels, with low A1C indicating hyperglycemia.
C)The high metabolic needs of red cells and their affinity for free glucose indicate the
amount of glucose that has been available over 6 to 12 weeks.
D)Insulin is a glucose receptor agonist on the hemoglobin molecule, and high glucose
suggests low insulin levels. - correct answer The amount of glucose attached to A1C
cells reflects the average blood glucose levels over the life of the cell.
A 30 year old man with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is aware of the multiple effects
that insulin has on his metabolism. Which of the following physiological processes are
actions of insulin? - correct answer Facilitating triglycerides from glucose in fat cells
A three-year-old girl has just been diagnosed with type 1A diabetes and her parents are
currently receiving education from the diabetes education nurse at the hospital where
their daughter is receiving treatment. How can the nurse best explain the etiology of
their daughter's health problem to her parents?
A.) Environmental and lifestyle factors are known to play a part in the fact that her
pancreas secretes and withholds insulin at the wrong times."
B.) "This tendency to produce insufficient amounts of insulin is likely something that she
inherited."
,C.) "It's not known exactly why your daughter has completely stopped making insulin,
and treatment will consist of your rigidly controlling her diet."
D.) "The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the
cells in herpancreas that produce insulin - correct answer "The problem that underlies
her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the cells in her pancreas that produce
insulin."
Which of the following statements best captures an aspect of the role of hormones in
the body?
A.) Some chemical substances can function as hormones or be integrated with the
central and peripheral nervous systems.
B)Hormones directly initiate many of the processes that contribute to homeostasis.
C)Control of body processes is ensured by the fact that a single hormone can only exert
one effect on one specific system or tissue.
D)Each hormone that exists in the body is produced by only one specific endocrine
gland. - correct answer Some chemical substances can function as either hormones or
neurotransmitters.
What does a high level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate?
A.) Thyroid nodule
B.) Hyperthyroidism
C.) Myxedema
D.) Hypothyroidism - correct answer Hypothyroidism
Which of the following statements best captures the role of the adrenal cortex in
maintaining homeostasis?
Question 1 options:
A. Normal sexual function is dependent on adequate adrenal cortical function.
B. Redundant, secondary production of adrenal cortical hormones can compensate for
the loss of the adrenal glands.
C. The adrenal cortical hormones are primarily steroids and sex hormones.
,D. The adrenal cortex is responsible for the production of epinephrine and
norepinephrine, which are part of the sympathetic nervous system. - correct answer The
adrenal cortical hormones are primarily steroids and sex hormones.
A three-year-old girl has been diagnosed with amblyopia. Which of the following
pathophysiologic processes is most likely to underlie her health problem?
Question 2 options:
A. The child may have a neural pathway disorder
B. She may have been born with infantile cataracts
C. The girl may have chronic bacterial conjunctivitis
D. The child may have a congenital deficit of rods and/or cones - correct answer She
may have been born with infantile cataracts
Which of the following statements best describes an aspect of the normal process of
glucose metabolism?
Question 3 options:
A. Glucose that exceeds metabolic needs is converted and stored by the liver.
B. Blood glucose levels are kept in a steady state by selective excretion and reuptake
by the kidneys.
C. Ingested glucose that is not needed for cellular metabolism circulates in the blood
until it is taken up to meet cellular needs.
D. Blood glucose levels are primarily a result of the timing, quantity, and character of
food intake. - correct answer Glucose that exceeds metabolic needs is converted and
stored by the liver.
A 60-year-old man has presented to his nurse practitioner because of an earache that
has become progressively more painful in recent days. After giving his history and
having an examination with an otoscope, the man has been diagnosed with otitis
externa. Which of the nurse practitioner's following statements to the man is most
accurate?
Question 4 options:
A. "This likely happened because your ears aren't draining like they should, but
antibiotics that you'll put in your ears will resolve this."
B. "i'll prescribe some ear drops for you, and in the meantime it's important not to use
ear swabs."
, C. "I'm going to instill some warm water into your ear to flush out debris and bacteria."
D. "You'll need to avoid getting any water in your ear until you finish your course of
antibiotic pills." - correct answer "i'll prescribe some ear drops for you, and in the
meantime it's important not to use ear swabs."
A 4-year-old boy has had otitis media with effusion (OME) for several weeks and his
condition has recently progressed to acute otitis media (AOM). Which of the following
factors could have contributed to his AOM?
Question 5 options:
Exposure to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Sensorineural deficits in the auditory control apparatus
Accumulation of cerumen in the external acoustic meatus
A deficiency in immunoglobulin G
Reflux of fluid from the boy's nose into his middle ear - correct answer Reflux of fluid
from the boy's nose into his middle ear
During descent, an airplane passenger is complaining that his "ears are plugged." What
aspect of the structure and function of the ear best accounts for the passenger's
complaint?
Question 6 options:
Air must be able to flow between the middle ear and the nasopharynx in order to
accommodate pressure changes.
The tympanic membrane is selectively permeable in order to accommodate pressure
changes and this capacity is often impaired during upper respiratory infections.
The eustachian tubes must remain patent to equalize pressure between the middle ear
and inner ear.
The inner ear adjusts its volume in response to atmospheric pressure, increasing during
low pressure and decreasing in high pressure. - correct answer Air must be able to flow
between the middle ear and the nasopharynx in order to accommodate pressure
changes.
Following the identification of low levels of T3 and T4 coupled with the presence of a
goiter, a 28-year-old female has been diagnosed with Hashimoto thyroiditis. In light of
this diagnosis, which of the following assessment results would constitute an
unexpected finding?
Question 7 options:
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