NSG 1101 -Pharmacokinetics
Therapeutic effects - ANS-desired and intentional effects of a medication, the length of
time the patient has been receiving it, and the physical condition of the patient.
Adverse effects - ANS-an effect other than the therapeutic effect
Side effects - ANS-are adverse effects. When a new medication is started or added or
when a dose is increased, nurses must be alert for adverse or side effects in patients
Hypersensitivity reactions - ANS-- This occurs when a patient is unusually sensitive to a
medication's therapeutic effect.
Tolerance - ANS-- When a patient develops a decreased response to the medication.
Allergic reactions - ANS-- When an immunologic response occurs to a medication. This
reactions can range from mild to life threatening.
Toxicity - ANS-- Medication toxicity results from overdosage or buildup of medication in
the blood due to impaired metabolism and excretion. Careful monitoring of laboratory
values liver and kidney function is important.
Medical History - ANS-When administering medication the nurse should be aware of the
patient's medical diagnosis and general medical history. Any renal, liver, cardiac,
respiratory, endocrine or neurologic dysfunction is important to know prior to medication
administration. This information is important to know who are at greater risk for drug
toxicity or who may require extra care in drug administration.
NPO - ANS-When a patient is ordered to have nothing by mouth, most oral medication
are not given. After the patient is no longer NPO the nurse must make the decision as to
whether the medication should be given after a test or held until the next dose. In some
situations, if it is an important medication, the prescriber may order that oral medications
be administered with a small sip of water.
Laboratory values - ANS-Laboratory test are used to monitor serum drug levels,
medication effects, and medication side effects. Dosages of certain drugs such as
digoxin, gentamycin, etc., are evaluated by monitoring serum drug levels to determine
proper dosage for the patient.
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