Chapter 10 Decontamination,
Sterilization, and Disinfection
Antiseptic - correct answer-Chemical used to remove microorganisms from tissue
Antiseptic - correct answer-This process is referred to as antisepsis
Bacteriostatic - correct answer-A chemical agent capable of inhibiting the growth of bacteria
Bacteriostatic - correct answer-Refers to a process or chemical that inhibits bacterial
colonization (growth) but does not destroy bacteria.
Bioburden - correct answer-The number of contamination microbes on an object.
Bioburden - correct answer-Number of live bacterial colonies on a surface before it is
sterilized.
Biofilm - correct answer-dense colonies of bacteria that adhere tightly to surface
Biofilm - correct answer-is composed of dense colonies of microbes that are attached to
surfaces. The film are extremely resistant to physical cleaning and chemical removal. Can
be source of infection
Contaminated - correct answer-Surface or tissue that has been in contact with a
microorganism
Cleaning - correct answer-Removal of blood, body fluids, and dirt and organic debris
(bioburden)
Cleaning - correct answer-Is the process of removing surface soil, blood, body fluids, and
other kinds of organic debris with detergents and mechanical action (scrubbing or washing)
Decontamination - correct answer-Process by which instruments and supplies are cleaned
and processed
environmental cleaning - correct answer-the process of cleaning the surface in patients care
areas, including the operating room. This includes floors, cabinets, equipment, lights, and
furnitures.
Disinfectant - correct answer-A chemical used to destroy microorganisms on inanimate or
nonliving objects
Reprocessing - correct answer-Activities or task that prepare used medical device for use on
another patient
, Sterilization - correct answer-The complete destruction of microorganisms on an object Is a
process that results in the complete destruction of all forms of life on an object.
Terminal cleaning - correct answer-Daily process in which exposed surface if the operating
table is clean and disinfected, Operating room environment take place daily
Terminal decontamination - correct answer-Process is which instrument and supplies are
processed so that are safe for staff to handle during subsequent stages of reprocessing.
Spaulding system - correct answer-a system use to determine the level of microbial
destruction required for medical devices and supplies. Each label is based on the risk of
infection associated with the area of the body where the device is used.
High Risk is assigned to Critical - correct answer-Critical risk
Critical risk - correct answer-Sterile body tissues including the vascular system. Those come
in contact with sterile body tissue such as internal organ systems and the vascular system
Semicritical risk - correct answer-Mucous membranes and nonintact skin Device are those
on contact skin or mucous membrane . Any device in this category requires high-level
disinfection
Low risk to non-critical items - correct answer-Noncritical risk
Intermediate risk to semi-critical items - correct answer-Semicritical risk
Noncritical risk - correct answer-Intact skin - percutaneous Items that only come in contact
with intact skin
Reprocessing - correct answer-a step by step procedure that follow an exact protocol. It
starts at the point of use ins surgery and ends with equipment that is ready and safe for the
surgical patient.
Sterile Processing Department (SPD) - correct answer-Hospital department where medical
device and equipment are reprocessed; this process may also take place in central
processing (CP) department.
Implant - correct answer-defined by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as "a
device that is palace into a surgically or naturally formed cavity of the human body if it is
intended to remain there for a period of 30 days or more."
Single-use - correct answer-Instruments and devices intended for one-time use on one
patient only.
Medical device - correct answer-any equipment, instrument, implant, material, or apparatus
use in the diagnosis, treatment, or monitoring ot patients.
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