Exam (elaborations)
REE 301 Test 2 (1)
Exam of 7 pages for the course REE 301 at REE 301 (REE 301 Test 2 (1))
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REE 301 Test 2Who was Heda Kovály? - ANS-1. Czech writer and translator
2. She survived the Auschwitz concentration camp and later joined Prague Spring
How does Kovály explain the attraction of Communism for people of her generation? -
ANS-It was an ideology that strengthened the collective and reaction to fascist
exceptionalism
What factors contributed to the rise of anti-Semitism in the Soviet Union after World War
II? - ANS-1. Stalin feared US/western imperialism and believed that the jewish
population was a part of a conspiracy against the USSR
2. Israel was formed after the war; contention between jewish suffering and
"unrecognized soviet suffering"
Who was Rudolf Slánský? - ANS-General Secretary of Czechoslovakia's Communist
Party. He was targeted, arrested, and killed ina show trial conducted by Stalin during his
purges following the Tito/Stalin split
List the 8 countries comprising the socialist bloc in Central and Eastern Europe. -
ANS-USSR
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
E Germany
Hungary
Poland
Romania
Yugoslavia
What are the main policies of the post-Stalinist New Order? - ANS-Rolling back stalinist
policies
Wanted to peacefully coexist with the west and improve standards of living and political
decentralization
Didn't want to force collectivization (especially of agriculture)
Expand economy to consumer-based
Who was Nikita Khrushchev? - ANS-First Secretary of the Communist Party
Came to power after Stalin, introducing the concept of "thaw"
, Gave a "secret speech" denouncing Stalin and the development of the cult of
personality
What was the "secret speech"? Give date, briefly explain significance. - ANS-"On the
Cult of Personality and its Consequences"
1956 by Nikita Khrushchev
Critical of Stalin's regime, especially on purges
Drove a wedge between Soviets and Chinese & Korean communist regimes
Who was Imre Nagy? - ANS-Prime minister of Hungary who led the 1956 revolution,
was later executed for these efforts
Who was Josip Broz Tito? - ANS-Yugoslav revolutionary leader who was the first to split
from the USSR while he was alive, Promoted "National Road to Socialism" and industry
Give the year of the Hungarian Revolution. - ANS-1956
Give the year when the construction of the Berlin Wall began - ANS-1961
What was the "Action Programme" in communist Czechoslovakia? Give year and brief
explanation. - ANS-In 1968 Dubček's implementation of reforms
promote free speech, press, consumer goods, and potentially a multi-party
democratically elected government
"Socialism with a human face"
Who was Alexander Dubček? - ANS-Communist leader for Czechoslovakia that
attempted to reform government through an action program during Prague Spring
Oversaw country as it was invaded by Soviet Warsaw pact countries and forced to
resign during that time
What was the Harmel Report? What is its relevance in the context of the Prague
Spring? - ANS-NATO's seminal document introducing the idea of Detente to be applied
by NATO during the Prague Spring
Made by Pierre Harmel
What is détente? Explain in a sentence or two; specify the period to which it refers. -
ANS-Trying to relax tensions between E and W
Popularized during cold war era (late 60s-70s) between the US and USSR
Give the date of the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia. - ANS-August 1968
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