Exam (elaborations)
California In World War Two Study Set (1)
California In World War Two Study Set (1)
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California In World War Two Study SetMoffat Field - ANS-Established in 1931 as a naval airstation and research facility. Was
used to develop the USS Macon, an enormous experimental blimp.
Kaiser Shipyards - ANS-Four shipyards in Richmond, California that built Liberty Ships
during World War Two, along with other ships. Founded by Henry Kaiser, these
shipyards employed more than 100,000 people and could build a ship in just 25 days.
The shipyards also pioneered innovations such as on-site day care and
employer-provided health care. The shipyards build 1,490 ships in five years.
150,000 - ANS-The number of African Americans who worked in the Kaiser shipyards.
African American immigration to California expanded massively during the war years.
Desert Training Center - ANS-Huge military reservation in California, Nevada and
Arizona; under General George Patton, served as a training ground for troops who later
fought in Europe and Africa.
Camp Pendleton - ANS-Enormous Marine Corps training center near San Diego;
established in 1942. Still in use today.
$35 billion - ANS-The amount of money spent by the federal government in California
during World War Two.
General George Patton - ANS-Third generation Californian and one of the most
important U.S. military commanders of World War Two.
Hollywood Canteen - ANS-Opening in 1942, the USO organized this club, in which
servicemen and women could come to enjoy music and meet and dance with famous
movie stars and other celebrities.
America First Movement - ANS-A movement popular in California that was dedicated to
keeping the United States from entering World War Two. Some members were
motivated by anti-Semitism, others by pacifism or a concern over the impacts of war.
Earl Warren - ANS-American jurist and politician. Served three terms as Governor of
California (1942 - 1953) and later as the 14th Chief Justice of the United States. While
serving as the California state attorney general, Warren supported the Japanese
, internment. The Warren Court would later, in 1954, issue the Brown vs. Board of
Education decision, which ended legalized segregation in the United States.
Rosie the Riveter - ANS-Symbol of American women who went to work in factories,
shipyards and the airplane manufacturing during World War Two.
Bracero Program - ANS-Created in response to severe labor shortages during the war.
Program created in 1942 that offered seasonal workers from Mexico yearlong contracts,
wages at the prevailing rate, and transportation from the border to their job sites. More
than 4.5 million Mexicans participated in the program.
Bill Hewlett and David Packard - ANS-Two Stanford grad students who started building
electronic devices in a Palo Alto garage; their first big client was Walt Disney. Their
business, Hewlett Packard, exploded during World War Two as they provided
defense-related electronics to war industries. The first Silicon Valley company.
Frederick Terman - ANS-Stanford engineering professor who encouraged Hewlett and
Packard. Due to his efforts, Stanford became integral to the eventual growth of Silicon
Valley.
Ernest O. Lawrence - ANS-UC Berkeley professor whose research was integral to the
development of nuclear weapons.
J. Robert Oppenheimer - ANS-UC Berkeley professor who led the Manhattan project,
which developed the first nuclear weapons.
Edward Teller - ANS-Developed the hydrogen bomb; worked on the the Manhattan
Project, and later at UC Berkeley and other California institutions. Was one of the first
scientists to point out the dangers of global warming (in 1959).
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory - ANS-Atomic weapons lab in Berkeley;
co-founded by Teller and Lawrence in the early 50s.
Executive Order 9066 - ANS-Issued on February 19, 1942 by President Franklin Delano
Roosevelt; this order was the legal basis of the Japanese internment. Approximately
122,000 Japanese Americans were interned; 93,000 were Californians.
Fred Korematsu - ANS-A Japanese American from the Bay Area who refused to report
for evacuation. His case went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, which ruled that
the Japanese internment was legal.
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