Summary
Summary OCR World of the Hero - Second half of the Odyssey
Books 13-24 summaries of the Odyssey included in the document - Necessary for achieving A* grade
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Part 2Book 13 - Odysseus lands in Ithaca
Book 14 - Meets Eumaeus
Book 15 - Telemachus returns + Eumaeus’ backstory
Book 16 - Odysseus meets Telemachus
Book 17 - Odysseus tests the suitors and servants , Argus , Melanthius
Book 18 - Odysseus endures abuse from Irus, Eurymachus, Melantho
Book 19 - Eurycleia recognises Odysseus and interaction with Penelope
Book 20 - Odysseus hears Penelope grieving, Philoetius , Ctesippus and
Theoclymenes’ prophecy
Book 21 - Suitors try the challenge of the arrow through 12 axes
Book 22 - Execution of the suitors
Book 23 - Penelope and Odysseus’ recognition scene
Book 24 - Suitors in the underworld, Laertes recognition scene, Peace established
after Eupeithes is killed
Book 13:
Leaving, Cove, Ships, Mist, Cretan tale, Plan, Praise, Beggar
Odysseus asks to leave Phaeacia and they make libations before leaving -
sacrifice for Zeus
Odysseus and his spoils left at the cove (named after Phorcys) on Ithaca by the
Phaeacians while he’s asleep
Poseidon asks Zeus to punish the Phaeacians - Zeus allows it and Poseidon
turns their ship into a rock as they approach their shore - Alcinous declares
Phaeacians will not bring travellers home again
Odysseus wakes up, doesn’t recognise Ithaca (Athene has placed a mist) and
meets Athene in disguise as a shepherd - Athene tells him that they’re in
Ithaca and Odysseus tells Athene a Cretan tale
Athene reveals herself to Odysseus and says she will help him to make a plan
to defeat the Suitors - he must endure indignities, tell no one that he is back
and he will be supported by Athene
Praised by Athene as persuasive, quick witted and self possessed
Odysseus sees the land and kisses the soil out of joy
Odysseus stows his treasures
Penelope praised by Athene - Pining for homecoming and given promises in
private messages but real intentions are different
Athene uses her golden wand to transform Odysseus into a beggar - tells him
to go to Eumaeus and ask him about what he wants to know while Athene will
go to Sparta to summon Telemachus
, Book 14:
Steward, Xenia, Family , Cretan tale, Pity, Chine, Cloak
Introduction to Eumaeus - ‘most faithful steward of our property’ ‘yearning
and mourning for the best of masters’ dealing with the farm on his own
Dogs protecting property start barking at Odysseus and Eumaeus saves him
Eumaeus takes in Odysseus under Xenia - shows great respect to the
institution of Xenia as well as Zeus - it is not right for me to turn away any
stranger’ - gives him some pig and drink
Shows great concern for Odysseus and reveals that many tramps have gone to
Penelope and told her lies about Odysseus while tears stream her cheeks and
his location for a reward
Eumaeus emphasises love for Odysseus - ‘He cared for me and loved me
dearly’
Odysseus promises that Odysseus will return in this month
Eumaeus says that Telemachus also causes him anxiety - he’s gone away to
Pylos and Suitors are waiting to ambush him
Odysseus’ Cretan tales that reflect some of his real experiences such as Troy,
cicones, Circe , sea storm after Hyperion’s cattle , Phaeacians + Nausicaa
Eumaeus doesn’t believe Odysseus about his tale that he will return to Ithaca
and creates pity for himself + terror of Zeus is part of why Eumaeus looks after
Odysseus - passes test of Xenia
Eumaeus engages in sacrifice and religious offerings - libations and burnt
offerings - gave Odysseus portion of honour (chine of the hog)
Odysseus tests Eumaeus by seeing if he will offer him his cloak - tells Cretan
tale about Odysseus in battle who gave him a cloak through a clever trick -
Eumaeus says Telemachus will give him a cloak and tunic as they don’t have
any left - Eumaeus doesn’t sleep away from the boars showing concern for
property
Book 15
Athena, Eagle + goose, Menelaus + Peisistratus, Theoclymenus, Parents, Backstory,
Peiraeus, Hawk + dove
Telemachus with Peisistratus - anxiety about his father keeping him awake
Athene reminds Telemachus it’s time to leave Sparta as it’s wrong to leave
house unprotected and tells him of the plot against him , tells him to visit
Eumaeus
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