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N12 - [1] Basic Concepts and Principles of Public Health Nursing Practice.
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N12 - [1] Basic Concepts and Principles of Public Health Nursing Practice.
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N12 - [1] Basic Concepts and Principles ofPublic Health Nursing Practice
Ultimate goals of public health - ANS-preventing disease,
prolonging life,
promoting health
through the organized efforts and informed
choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals.
COMMUNITY HEALTH - ANS-● A discipline concerned with the study and improvement
of the health characteristics of different communities
● Focus on geographical areas and includes primary, secondary, and tertiary health
care that improves the health status of the community as a whole.
PH incorporates the INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES of epidemiology,
biostatistics and health services, environmental health, community health, behavioral
health, health economics, public policy, insurance medicine and occupational health. -
ANS-○ National Immunization Programs of DOH- building NIP took years of research
efforts to establish the efficacy and effectiveness of the vaccines included in the
program in order to be able to achieve the goal of reducing the mortality and morbidity
of immunizable and vaccine-related diseases.
○ Biostatistics & Epidemiology - used to establish the nature, magnitude, and severity of
the communicable diseases and their risk factors
○ Behavior studies - done to determine reasons for vaccine hesitancy and factors for
vaccine acceptance among people
○ Economics & Health Policies - performed to compute for cost analysis and cost
effectiveness of immunization programs in preventing hospitalizations, deaths, and
disabilities arising from complications of these communicable diseases ○ Insurance
Medicine - look into how immunization services can be funded by insurance companies
or integrated in the health benefits of industries for their workers.
COMMUNITY VS PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING - ANS-PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
● Assess population health needs
● Diagnose and develop policy in relation to community health needs
● Plan for the community as a whole in order to prevent disease and disability and
preserve the health of the population
, ● Implement the plan while ensuring resources are available to all who need them
● Evaluate the health status of the whole population
○ Nurses work at a system level (e.g. national health
programs)
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
● Deliver health service to individuals, groups, and families
● Diagnosis is based on the needs of individuals, family, or group ● Work to promote
health and prevent illness in groups and families to increase family health
● Implementation is based on individual needs
● Evaluate whether health needs were met the individual, family, or group level (more
focused scale)
○ Nurses work at a specific geographic or community level, working directly with
individuals, family, population groups in the community.
● Public health nursing is an umbrella term that encompasses
community health nursing. Both have the goal of promoting,
preserving and maintaining the community's health.
○ Public health nursing - policy and program development
○ Community health nursing - bringing down health programs
and interventions at the implementation level - ANS
Boundaries between the PHN and CHN? - ANS-LEVEL OF ASSESSMENT
○ Public health nurses are trained and educated to assess the population's overall
status.
■ Interventions include policy reforms and system level changes
○ Community health nurse's knowledge lies within assessing the needs of individuals
and families within the population that they work with.
■ Interventions combines the facets of direct care to the individuals and families and
public health practice to a target population of patients
Focus of interventions in PHN? - ANS-Health promotion
Disease prevention
Patients of the community health nurse thus need to apply the nursing process to
address health needs and demands to formulate a plan of care, implement interventions
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