Summary
Enzymes and Digestion Summary Notes
- Institution
- AQA
This document includes the structure and function of enzymes as well as any key practicals involved and also factors affecting enzyme activity.
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, Role of enzymes·
enzymes are :
I biological catalysts speed up reactions without being used up
↳ globular proteins soluble :
in water + spherical In shape
↳ lower AE =
causes reaction to happen at a lower temp +
pressures
·
Metabolism is total of chemical reactions an organism needs to survive
↳ Metabolism = Anabolism + Catabolism
Def .
Anabolism is build up of substances . ex ·
photosynthesis.
Def . Catabolism
Is breakdown of substances , eX. respiration
How enzymes work
shape of enzymes
globular proteins with a complex 3D sudpe
·
have an active site specific to substrate -
determined by tertiary structure
How do enzymes work ?
·
substrate must be complementary to enzyme's active site
↳ If substrate doesn't fit-reaction not catalysed.
·
If substrate collides successfully with enzymes ,
will bind to active site , form enzyme substrate complex
·
brings reactants together , stresses covalent bonds, allowing reaction to occur at low temp + .
pressures
Activation Energy
·
in a chemical reaction certain amt of energy needs
,
to be supplied to chemicals before reaction can start- Often provided
as neat
enzymes lower the AE am+ needed by making reactions happen at
·
lower temp that without need of enzymes
·
speeds up rate of reaction
When
E-s complex formed , lowers AE due to
:
↳ If substrate molecules need to be joined being ,
attached to enzyme holds them closer together ,
reducing any repulsion between the molecules so they can bond more easily
·
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