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health and social care - unit 1 revision
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- ACI Certification
health and social care - unit 1 revision
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health and social care - unit 1 revisiongrowth - correct answer-an increase in length or heigh, weight and dimensions
infants (principles of growth) - correct answer-grow rapidly and will reach
roughly half their adult height by the age of 2
adolescents (principles of growth) - correct answer-experience growth spurts
during puberty
adulthood (principles of growth) - correct answer-full height is reached by the
start of early adulthood
what are the four principles of growth? - correct answer-1- growth rates are
not constant
2- different parts of the body grow at different rates
3- growth rates vary between children
4- the growth rate of boys is usually faster on average than girls
when is head circumference measured? and why? - correct answer-head
circumference is measured at birth and at 6-8 weeks to identify any
abnormality in brain or skull growth
what do centile lines represent? - correct answer-they represent the values of
measurement from a large number of children to show 'norms' of growth in
each age group
what is physical development? - correct answer-growth and other phsyical
changes that happen to our body throughout life
what is intellectual development? - correct answer-development of language,
memory and thinking skills
what is emotional development? - correct answer-ability to cope with feelings
abobut ourselves and towards other
what is social development? - correct answer-the ability to form friendships
and relationships and to learn to be independent
,gross motor skills (infancy 0-2) - correct answer-- start to develop their gross
motor skills from the head down
-around 6 months they gradually control muscles in their neck and back so
they can roll, sit and crawl
-around 11-13 months the muscles in their legs develop so that they can
stand, cruise and walk
-at 2 years they can climb onto low furniture and propel sit on a toy
-at 2 1/2 years they can kick a ball
gross motor skills (early childhood 3-8) - correct answer-- at 3-4 they can
balance and walk along a line and run forwards and backwards
- at 5-8 they can balance on a low beam and skip with a rope
- from about 3 they can pedal and control a tricycle
- by about 6 they can ride a bike
fine motor skills (newborn 0-12 months) - correct answer-- grasp an adults
finger
- by 3 months they will hold a rattle for a short time
- 6 months they will grasp a toy and pass it to their other hand
- 12 months they will pick up small objects using a pincer grasp
fine motor skills (18months-2years) - correct answer-- 18 months can build
with small bricks, use a spoon an dmake marks with crayons using a palmar
grasp
- at 2 years they can pull on their shoes and control their crayon to draw
circles & dots
fine motor skills (3-4 years) - correct answer-- at 3 they are developing a tripod
grasp
- they can use a fork and spoon, turn the pages of a book, and button and
unbutton clothing
- at 4 years they will be able to thread small beads and colour in pictures
fine motor skills (5-8 years) - correct answer-- at 5 they can control the
muscles in their fingers to manipulate the construction block and use
hand-eye coordination to fit the pieces into the correct place
- can also write their own names forming letters correctly
- by the time they are 8 they will use joined up writing
, physical development in adolescence - at what age does puberty take place? -
correct answer-- for girls it is around 11-13 years
- for boys it is around 13-15 years
when does puberty start? - correct answer--puberty starts when a hormone in
the brain sends a signal to the pituitary gland
-this then releases hormones that stimulate the ovaries in girls and the testes
in boys to produce sex hormones
the role of hormons in sexual development (girls) - correct answer-- the
hormones oestrogen & progesterone are produced by the ovaries
-they stimulate growth of the breasts & reproductive system & helps to
regulate the menstrual cycle
the role of hormons in sexual development (boys) - correct answer--the
hormons testosterone is produced by the testes
-it stimulates growth of the penis & testes, pubic hair growth, the development
of muscle & lowering of voice
what are primary sexual characteristics? - correct answer-these are the
processes that are related to the sex organs that are present at birth and
mature when sex hormones are released
what are secondary sexual characteristics? - correct answer-these are not
necessary for reproduction and they develop when sex hormons are released
physical development in early adulthood - what is physical maturity? - correct
answer--people reach physical maturity in early adulthood
- motor coordination is at its peak
-full height is reached
-reaction time is quickest
-phsyical strength is at its peak
-women are at their most fertile
what is perimenopause? and what happens during it? - correct
answer--around 40-45 years old women reach the end of their reproductive
years
what happens:
-oestrogen decrease
-ovulation is irregular
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