Exam (elaborations)
Language & Literacy (305 Content Exam)
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Language & Literacy (305 Content Exam)
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Language & Literacy (305 Content Exam)Oral language components - correct answer-syntax, phonological skills, morphological skills,
pragmatics, vocabulary
Syntax - correct answer-understanding word order and grammar rules
Phonological skills - correct answer-awareness of sounds (ex- syllables and rhymes)
Morphological skills - correct answer-understanding the meaning of word forms and parts
Pragmatics - correct answer-social rule of communication
Vocabulary - correct answer-meaning of words and phrases
Assessment - correct answer-formative, summative, benchmark reading, progress
monitoring, diagnostic reading test
Formative - correct answer-informs instruction (for learning)
Summative - correct answer-what you have learned (of learning)
Benchmark reading - correct answer-usually given in the fall, winter, spring
Progress monitoring - correct answer-weekly/biweekly screenings
Diagnostic Reading test - correct answer-individual students specific areas of weakness, use
the results to inform instruction, used after progress monitoring, pre-intervention step
Reading levels - correct answer-independent, instructional, frustration
Independent level - correct answer-97-100% accuracy; fluent reading; 90-100%
comprehension
Instructional level - correct answer-90-96% accuracy; somewhat fluent; 75-90%
comprehension
Frustration level - correct answer-< 90% accuracy; may/may not be fluent; comprehension
low
Phonological Awareness - correct answer-Awareness of the words, syllables, rhymes, and
sounds in language. (Words in sentences)
Syllables - correct answer-a unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without
surrounding consonants. (Ze-bra; 2 syllables- 1 open syllable and 1 closed syllable)
, Open syllable - correct answer-ends with a long vowel sound spelled with one vowel letter;
no consonant to close it
To-tal
Ri-val
Bi-ble
Closed syllable - correct answer-short vowel in syllable, vowel is followed (closed) by a
consonant
Com-mon
But-ter
Onset - correct answer-initial phonological unit of any word (c-at)
Rime - correct answer-refers to the string of letters that follow, usually a vowel and final
consonants (c-at)
Rhyme - correct answer-repetition of similar sounds in two or more words.
Alliteration - correct answer-the repetition of beginning consonant sounds in two or more
neighboring words or syllables. (Sally sells seashells at the seashore)
Onomatopoeia - correct answer-formation of a word from a sound associated with what it
was named (Sizzle)
Hyperbole - correct answer-exaggerated statements (I almost died laughing)
Phonemic Awareness - correct answer-(Sublet of phonological awareness) Ability to
recognize that words are made up of individual speech sounds (phonemes, smallest unit of
speech- 44 of them)
Isolation - correct answer-identify specific phonemes in words, individual letters (phonemes/
graphemes)
Blending - correct answer-blending sounds together
Consonant blends - correct answer-Two or more consonants are blended together, but each
sound may be heard in the blend.
bl, br, cl, cr, dr, fr, tr, fl, gl
Digraph (diagram) - correct answer-Two consonants stand together to represent a single
sound
sh, ch, th, and wh
Segmenting - correct answer-breaking words down into individual sounds or syllables
Deletion - correct answer-requires children to be able to remove individual or blended
sounds from words or to identify words once a phoneme or phonemes have been removed.
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