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Autism Spectrum Disorder questions and and answers
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- Autism Spectrum Disorder
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- Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder questions and and answers
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Autism Spectrum Disorder25 % of children with ASD display a special cognitive skill that is above average and well
above their own general level of intellect. These special abilities are called...? - correct
answer-Splinter skills or islets of ability in for example math, drawing, spelling, music.
Children with ASD have problems with both processing and expressing...? - correct
answer-Emotional information. Their own bodily expressions of emotion is often
characterized by limited spontaneous use of expressive gestures, and bizarre, rigid,
mechanical facial expressions.
Children with ASD might point to a stuffed animal she wants that is out of reach. This is
demonstrate Protoimperative Gestures - gestures, or vocalizations that are used to express
needs. This child might fail using another type of gesture called...? - correct
answer-Protodeclarative gestures - gestures or vocalizations that direct the attention of
others to objects of shared interest. The primary point being engaging interaction with
others.
Children with ASD show a deficits in the ability to coordinate attention to a social partner and
an object or event of mutual interest. This ability is called what? - correct answer-Joint
attention. Typically emerges between 9-14 months.
Poor quality of eye contact and smiling during interactions during the first year may be
related to deficits in joint attention in the second year of life of children later diagnosed with
ASD.
Joint attention the predicts later language development at age 20 months, and language,
communication and social behavior at 42 months.
Children with ASD showed what brain abnormality by age 2.5 years when their symptoms
began to appear? - correct answer-Cerebral gray and white matter overgrowth. Almost all
brain regions where found to grow at an abnormal rate.
Lack of normal connectivity and communication between brain networks seems to be the
main problem.
Abnormalities have also been found in the cerebellum (smaller), medial temporal lobe, and
limbic system structures (enlargement of amygdala), delay in frontal cortex maturation and
reductions in the corpus callosum (support abnormalities in connectivity of the brain).
Children with autism may use instrumental gestures (to get someone to do something), but
they fail to use...? - correct answer-Expressive gestures - conveys feeling.
How early must a child show delays or abnormal functioning in social interaction, in
language, or imaginative play to get a diagnosis of autism? - correct answer-Before age 3.
How high might the heritability of an underlying liability for ASD be? - correct answer-90 %.
, How many children with ASD do not develop useful language? - correct answer-Half.
Children who do develop language usually do so before age 5.
How many children with ASD have a co-existing medical condition that may play a causal
role? - correct answer-10 %.
How many children with ASD have a head size that is above average? - correct answer-90
%. About 20 % have a head size that places them in the upper 3 % of the general
population.
Smaller than average at birth, rapid growth at 6-12 months.
How many children with ASD have gastrointestinal problems? - correct answer-50 %. May
be related to food selectivity, unusual eating habits, and obsessions ranging from minor to
disruptive, or clinically significant feeding problems.
How many children with ASD have seizures? - correct answer-25 %.
Onset is most often in late adolescence or young adulthood.
How many children with ASD have sensory abnormalities including oversensitivities or
undersensitivities to certain stimuli and trouble mixing across sensory modalities? - correct
answer-90 % have trouble in two or three sensory domains.
May display Sensory Dominance - the tendency to focus on certain types of sensory over
others - or Stimulus Overselectivity - the tendency to focus on one feature of the
environment while ignoring other equally important parts.
Seems like tunnel vision or hearing.
How many children with ASD have sleep disturbances? - correct answer-65 %.
How many children with ASD show normal development for the first year or longer followed
by regression? - correct answer-25 %.
How many children with tuberous sclerosis also have ASD? - correct answer-25 %.
How many of siblings of children with ASD also have the disorder? - correct answer-15-20
%.
Many also have unusual personality features, language and social deficits known as broader
autism phenotype.
the concordance rate in identical twins ranges from 70-90 %.
How many percent of children with ASD have co-occuring intellectual impairment? - correct
answer-70 %.
40 % have severe impairments (IQ less than 50), 30 % have IQs between 50 and 70 and the
remaining 30 % have IQs in the normal to above average range.
How much higher is the risk of chromosomal anomalies in children with ASD? - correct
answer-5 %.
2-3 % of children with ASD have a fragile-X anomaly.
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