MICROBIOLOGY PORTAGE LEARNING EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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Module
MICROBIOLOGY
Institution
MICROBIOLOGY
MICROBIOLOGY PORTAGE LEARNING EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What is metabolism?
A controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life.
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions.
What is a cofactor?
A cofac...
MICROBIOLOGY PORTAGE LEARNING EXAM 2 QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What is metabolism?
A controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to
maintain life.
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions.
What is a cofactor?
A cofactor is a small chemical component that assists an enzyme during the catalysis
reactions. A cofactor is usually metal ions.
Define anabolism.
Anabolism is the process of building up or biosynthesis of macromolecules from small
molecular units into much larger complexes.
Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ATP and ADP.
ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate while ADP can accept energy in the
form of a phosphate group. Thus, ATP can be reduced (ATP →ADP + Pi) while ADP
can be built into ATP (ADP + Pi →ATP).
From what source do chemotrophs acquire energy?
Chemotrophs acquire energy from preformed chemicals found in the environment.
An organism that obtains its source of carbon from inorganic molecules such as
carbon dioxide is referred to as a __________?
autotroph
This phosphorylation process occurs in the mitochondria of chemotropic
eukaryotes...
Oxidative phosphorylation
The cannibalism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what three distinct
transitions?
, 1. Glycolysis
2. Respiration or. Fermentation
3. Electron transport chain
What is the most energetic transition in the cannibalism of glucose?
The electron transport chain yields 34 ATP while both glycolysis and fermentation each
yield only 2 ATP
What are the two main roles of glucose-6 phosphate in the cell?
Glucose-6-phosphate also known as G6P prevents glucose from diffusing out of the cell
as well as serves as the signal molecule to the cell that glycolysis is about to begin
T or F: during fermentation one means of eliminating pyruuvate is by converting
it into lactic acid
True
How many ATP does the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle produce per pyruvate?
1 ATP
T or F: The reactants of the TCA cycle directly enter and fuel the electron
transport system
False
In the absence of glucose, which of the following cannot be used as alternative
energy sources?
Nucleic acids
For the catabolism of proteins and lipids, which of the following enzymes are
used
proteases and lipases
T or F: the b-oxidation pathway is responsible for the anabolism of fatty acid
chains
True
Describe the relationship between chloroplasts and chlorophyll
Both chloroplasts and chlorophyll are associated with photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are
the double membrane-enclosed organelles that contain the photosynthetic pigment
chlorophyll.
T or F: Chloroplasts are specific to algae and plants
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