Exam (elaborations)
Pharmacology Ch 9&10.
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- Gpstc Criminal Law.
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- Gpstc Criminal Law.
Pharmacology Ch 9&10.
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Pharmacology Ch 9&10parenteral route - correct answer-Any route other that GI Tract
- IV
- Skin, mucous, eyes, ears, and Respiratory tract
Systemic Effects - correct answer-Sublingual, buccal, transcutaneous, inhalations. and
Injections
Local Effects - correct answer-Topical, mucous memebrane, eye and ear
sublingual administration - correct answer-- drugs are given by placement under the tongue
- Drug absorbed directly into circulatory system
- more common than buccal
buccal administration - correct answer-- the drug is absorbed through the mucous
membranes in the mouth.
- Placed between cheek and gum at the back of mouth
- Rapid Absorption
Transcutaneous, or transdermal - correct answer-- medication delivered to the body by
absorption via skin
- ointment and patches
- slower absorption rates
- not effective for acute angina
Inhalation Route - correct answer-- medications absorbed through the nasal passages, oral
passage, or endotracheal or tracheotomy tubes
- Chronic pulmonary conditions
- MDIs, DPI, SVNs
Inhalation Route Advantages - correct answer-smaller dose required, more rapid onset,
more convenient and more easily tolerated than parenteral route, side effects are minimal
Inhalation Route Disadvatages - correct answer-- Cooperation of patient
- Adverse side effects result rapidly
- improper administration -> irritation
- Patient dependency on SVN/ MDI
- SVN must be cleaned DAILY to prevent Infection
Meter dose inhaler (MDI) - correct answer-- popular
- portable
- easy to use
- Can be used with spacer
MDI Application - correct answer-- Shake inhaler for 10 sec
, - push down inhaler while breathing in slowly and deeply
- hold 5-10 sec
small-volume nebulizer (SVN) - correct answer-- Gas Souce
- Essential: proper breathing
- may cause dizziness -> hyperventilate
- Proper Cleaning DAILY [1:2 vinegar water 20-30 min]
dry powder inhaler (DPI) - correct answer-device used to convert a solid drug to a fine
powder for the purpose of inhalation with no propellant
DPI Application - correct answer-- Upright
- breath in FAST and DEEP
- hold 5-10 sec
DPI advantages - correct answer-- Small
- can be used in cold environments
- No timing technique
DPI disadvantages - correct answer-- Fewer drugs available in powder form
- patient must generate significant inspiratory effort
intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB) - correct answer-- use of a ventilator to inflate
the lungs at intervals under positive pressure during inhalation
- Use Caution
- Nurse or RRT ONLY
- NO HOME ADMINISTRATION
Syringes - correct answer-barrel, plunger, tip
Needles - correct answer-- hub, shaft, bevel
- Intradermal: 1/2,3/8,5/8in)
- Intramuscular: 1 1/2, 2 in)
Standard syringe - correct answer--Used most frequently for subcutaneous or intramuscular
injections
-cc, mL, m
-most common is 3mL or 2 1/2mL
Tuberculin (TB) syringe - correct answer--used to administer small, precise doses of
medication
-holds up to 1mL
-calibrated in 0.01 mL increments
-NEEDLE ATTACHED: small/short
-26 or 28 gauge
-0.5''- 0.625''
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