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Pharmacology - Module 2 Exam (1).
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Pharmacology - Module 2 Exam (1).
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Pharmacology - Module 2 ExamOver-the-counter (OCT) Medications - correct answer-Medications that are available without
a prescription and are available in most cases without restriction. There are a few
medications that do not require a prescription but are kept behind the pharmacy counter and
ID is required for purchase.
Medications that do not require a prescription but are kept behind the pharmacy for ID -
correct answer-decongestant pseudoephedrine
Pseudoephedrine when combines with other items can make - correct answer-Crystal Meth
Medications that once required a prescription and are now available OTC - correct
answer--Allergy medication: Loratadine (Claritin)
-Acid blocker: Esomeprazole (Nexium)
Two goals of FDA OTC drug review - correct answer-1. Ensuring these medications are both
safe and effective
2. Establish appropriate labeling standards
Criteria for OTC status - correct answer--Indication for use
-Safety profile
-Practicality for OTC use
Indication for use - correct answer-Consumer must be able to easily:
-Diagnose condition
-Monitor effectiveness
-Benefits of correct usage must outweigh risks.
Safety profile - correct answer-Drugs must have:
-favorable adverse event profile
-limited interaction with other drugs
-low potential for abuse
-high therapeutic index
Practicality for OTC Use - correct answer-Drugs must be:
-Easy to use
-Easy to monitor
Many OTC medications may cause harm in patients with - correct answer-diseases such as
diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and glaucoma.
It is important to educate patients that have - correct answer-comorbidities to ask a health
care professional prior to taking OTC medications, especially if they intend to take the
medication continuously.
, In most cases, OTC medications are - correct answer-simply treating symptoms and are not
getting to the cause of the problem.
In some cases, the use of OTC medication can - correct answer-prevent someone from
seeking the necessary treatment needed for the underlying cause of their symptoms.
In other cases, such as the common cold, the symptoms will - correct answer-resolve on
their own
OTC medications do not: - correct answer-shorten the length of the cold; they only help ease
the patient's discomfort. For this reason, depending on the patient's comorbidities, it may be
appropriate to recommend against a certain OTC treatment.
Drug Facts Labels include: - correct answer--purpose and uses of the product
-specific warnings
-side effects
-substances or activities to avoid
-dosage ingredients
-active ingredients
-warning
-storage information
-inactive ingredients.
*Although all consumers should understand the 'Drug Facts' label on OTC medications, it is
especially important for health care professionals to understand this label.
When interpreting a "Drug Facts" label, the most important information is - correct answer-at
the top
Active Ingredient and Purpose - correct answer-Listed together in the first row, quickly tells
you:
-what is in the OTC product
-what class of drug it is in (which tells you what it could be used to treat)
Uses - correct answer-The recommended uses of the drug are listed out for the consumer.
Warnings - correct answer--Essential information is usually included under this section.
-Additional information within this section may include when to consult a doctor or
pharmacist prior to use as well as common side effects that can occur. For instance, there is
often a statement regarding if a patient is pregnant or breastfeeding, then they should ask
their health care professional prior to use. This is the case even for medications that are
rated a pregnancy category A. A warning for keeping medication out of the reach of children
is also included in this section.
Directions - correct answer-Standard dosages are often divided by age and include
information on the amount/number and frequency someone should take of the medication.
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