Exam (elaborations)
Pharmacology Final Exam
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- Gpstc Criminal Law.
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- Gpstc Criminal Law.
Pharmacology Final Exam
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Pharmacology Final ExamThe study of the actions of drugs - correct answer-includes pharmacokinetics and
pharmacodynamics
pharmacokinetics - correct answer-body--drug
what the body does to the drug
kinetics meaning movement- movement of the drug through the body
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination
Pharmacodynamics - correct answer-drug--body
what the drug does to the body
DDD2B-dynamics does drugs to body
drugs alter existing physiological biochemical processes
they do not produce new responses int he body
molecular interaction of drug and specific biological receptors on boy's cells
Leads to therapeutic response
Dug+Body Cell=TR or side effect
Therapeutic effect - correct answer-desired effect
Side effects - correct answer-undesired- these can lead to no adherence
Adverse reaction - correct answer-life threatening- occurs within the normal dose
Toxicity - correct answer-overdose- too much of the drug
Trade or Brand name - correct answer-name given by the manufacture
Ex. Kleenex
Generic Name - correct answer-official name
generally less expensive
biochemically equivalent but may have different fillers
Ex. Tissue
Prescription Drugs - correct answer-written by MD, dentist, APRN, and sometimes a PA
OTC Drugs - correct answer-drugs do not need a prescription for
more dangerous people people abuse them
these can kill you!
Schedule I Dugs - correct answer-no medical use, no RX
,Schedule II Drugs - correct answer-high abuse, no refills w/o RX
Schedule III Drugs - correct answer-less abuse, may lead to dependence, RX expires in 6
months
Schedule IV Drugs - correct answer-some abuse, RX expires in 6 months
Schedule V Drugs - correct answer-drugs that may contain small amount of controlled
substances
CS Nurse Responsibilities - correct answer-secure/locked
accurate records/count
amount given
amount wasted
waste first then administer the medicaiton
Nursing Process - correct answer-what you use to develop a care plan
systemic approach to problem solving
involves critical thinking
use cognitive and psychomotor skills
Subjective Data - correct answer-what the patient says
ex. PT pain level
Objective Data - correct answer-things you don't need the PT to tell you
ex. Blood pressure, Heart Rate
observable and mesaureable
Nursing Diagnosis - correct answer-statements of patient problems or needs
potential, actual
based on assessment data
Planning - correct answer-goals: broad statements of end results
outcomes: specific, measurable, realistic, timeline
Intervention - correct answer-carrying out activities
scientific rationale
requires ongoing assessment
correct procedures for administration
may require specific actions
Evaluation - correct answer-determine progress toward goal
not always met
sometimes quick
sometimes requires follow up to MD office
CYP450 Enzymes - correct answer-enzymes used to breakdown drugs int he body, how
individuals metabolize the drug
,8 Rights of Medication Adminstration - correct answer-Right drug
Right patient
Right dose
Right route
Right time
Right reason
Right documentation
Right response
Medication Errors - correct answer-daily occurrence in health-care facilities
studies reveal between 14.9% and 32.4%
errors have been observed in 1 of every 5 doses
near misses- need to be reported to prevent from happening
occur: prescribing, dispensing, administering, documenting
Drugs Purpose - correct answer-to achieve a desired, beneficial, clinically observable,
therapeutic effect
Drug Action - correct answer-interaction between a drug and molecules int he body
interaction with target site (receptor)
alteration of biochemical or psychological process-already present and the drug alters it
results in clinical response (desired effect)
Elimination
Mechanism of Action (MOA) - correct answer-both knowing what the drug does to the odya
nd what the body does to the drug
how the drug works
Site of Action - correct answer-where the drug works
Factors that affect the fate of drug and speed of movement through the body - correct
answer-physiological
renal function
biological
genetics
Efficacy - correct answer-how well the drug works
R&E of ADME
psychological and biological factors
timing of onset
duration of action
Drugs - correct answer-affect existing biological functions
street drugs
medicines
foods
chemicals
, Medciation - correct answer-are drugs that are used to restore dysfunctional or pathological
processes tot he desired function or processes
Therapeutic Response - correct answer-a chemical produces a therapeutic or intended
response
Selectivity - correct answer-a drug acts only where it is needed
Side Effects - correct answer-responses in tissues where the drug's effects are neither
needed nor wanted
problematic but not harmful
ex. nausea, fatigue, headache
Adverse Reaction or Event - correct answer-an unintended drug effect that causes harm and
often require discontinuation of the drug
Medications do not affect all individuals in the same way.
Ligands - correct answer-where the receptor binds that result in physiological or biochemical
change
3D structure that specifically fits on the receptor site
body may lack this due to a disease, congenital disorder
Agonists - correct answer-initiates response and closely mimics the naturally occurring
substance that normally stimulates the receptor
Antagonists - correct answer-block or depress the normal response for that receptor by
binding tot he receptor and preventing the normal ligand from binding to the receptor
competitive antagonist because it competes with the agonist for the same binding site
Classes of Meciation - correct answer-most drugs int eh same class have similar
effects/actions
many drugs in the same class have a common suffix which helps to identify the class the
drug belongs to
Toxicology - correct answer-study and characterization of physiological effects of too much
drug in the body, or the potentially fatal effects that may result
Minimum Effective Concentration (MEC) - correct answer-quantity of drug needed at the site
of action to produce the intended response
Maximum Effective Concentration - correct answer-maximum dose of a drug that may be
given to a PT without producing toxic effects
Minimum Toxic Concentration (MTC) - correct answer-drug dose that no longer produces the
intended therapeutic response, but produces signs of drug toxicity
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