acai berry - CORRECT ANSWER - berry rich in antioxidants, vitamins A, B, C and E; protects, replenishes;
helps heal damaged skin
alcohol - CORRECT ANSWER - antiseptic and solvent used in perfumes, lotions and astringents; specially
denatured (SD) alcohol is a mixture of ethanol with a denaturing agent
zinc oxide - CORRECT ANSWER - mineral physical sunscreen ingredient that reflects UVA and UVB rays;
also used to protect, soothe, and heal the skin; is somewhat astringent, antiseptic, and antimicrobial.
witch hazel - CORRECT ANSWER - Extracted from the bark of the hamanelis shrub; can be a soothing
agent or, in higher concentrations, an astringent.
water soluble - CORRECT ANSWER - mixable with water
vehicles - CORRECT ANSWER - Spreading agents and ingredients that carry or deliver other ingredients
into the skin and make them more effective.
vegan - CORRECT ANSWER - a product that is labeled vegan should not contain any animal ingredients or
animal by-products
urea - CORRECT ANSWER - properties include enhancing the penetrative abilities of other substances;
anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and deodorizing action that protects the skin's surface and helps maintain
healthy skin
unscented - CORRECT ANSWER - product formulated to have no smell; because most ingredients in a
formulation for have an order, more ingredients have to be added to neutralize the smell
toners - CORRECT ANSWER - also known as fresheners or astringents; liquids designed to tone and
tighten the skin's surface
sun protection factor - CORRECT ANSWER - Abbreviated SPF. indicated ability of a product to delay sun
induced erythema, the visible sign of sun damage. The SPF rating is based only on UVB protection, not
UVA exposure.
, sulfer - CORRECT ANSWER - reduces the activity of oil glands and dissolves the skin's surface layer of dry,
dead cells; commonly used in acne products
squalane - CORRECT ANSWER - Derived from olives; desensitizes and nourishes; an emollient.
Sodium Bicarbonate - CORRECT ANSWER - Baking soda; an alkaline inorganic salt used as a buffering
agent, neutralizer, and a pH adjuster.
serums - CORRECT ANSWER - concentrated liquid ingredients for the skin designed to penetrate and
treat various skin conditions
seaweed - CORRECT ANSWER - Seaweed derivatives such as algae have many nourishing properties;
known for its humectant and moisturizing properties, vitamin content, metabolism stimulation and
detoxification, and aiding skin firmness.
salicylic acid - CORRECT ANSWER - Beta hydroxy acid with exfoliating and antiseptic properties; natural
sources include sweet birch, willow bark, and wintergreen.
Retinol - CORRECT ANSWER - Natural form of vitamin A; stimulates cell repair and helps to normalize
skin cells by generating new cells.
Quaternium 15 - CORRECT ANSWER - An all-purpose preservative active against bacteria, mold, and
yeast. It is probably the greatest formaldehyde releaser among cosmetic preservatives, causing
dermatitis and allergies
preservatives - CORRECT ANSWER - chemical agents that inhibit the growth of microorganisms in
cosmetic formulations; they kill bacteria and prevent product from spoiling
polymers - CORRECT ANSWER - Chemical compounds formed by combining a number of small molecules
(monomers) into long chain-like structures; advanced vehicles that release substances onto the skin's
surface at a microscopically controlled rate.
Polyglucans - CORRECT ANSWER - Ingredients derived from yeast cells that help strengthen the immune
system and stimulate the metabolism; also hydrophilic and help preserve and protect collagen and
elastin.
Plant stem cells - CORRECT ANSWER - derived from plants to protect or stimulate our own skin stem
cells; health and anti-aging ingredients
Phthalates - CORRECT ANSWER - plasticizers used in skin care formulas to moisturize and soften skin,
and to dissolve or blend ingredients
pH adjusters - CORRECT ANSWER - Acids or alkalis (bases) used to adjust the pH of products.
hydrators - CORRECT ANSWER - Ingredients that attract water to the skin's surface.
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