Exam (elaborations)
XI Zoology New Chap 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration 142
XI Zoology New Chap 19 Chemical Coordination and Integration 142
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XI_Zoology_ New Chap-19 Chemical Coordination and Integration (Assertion and Reason Statement Pairs)ZOOLOGY_New Chapter_19 - CHEMICAL COORDINATION AND INTEGRATION _ ASSERTION AND REASON Test Items
# Incorrect Assertion Incorrect Reason Correct Assertion Correct Reason
INTRO; 19.1 ENDOCRINE GLANDS AND HORMONES
Hormones act independently, causing These disruptions happen due to the Hormones serve as intercellular Hormones, though produced in trace
disruptions in physiological functions. hormonal imbalance caused by their messengers for coordinating physiological amounts, facilitate communication
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excessive production. functions. between cells, regulating physiological
processes.
Hormones have no influence on bodily Due to their fragile nature, hormones Hormones regulate various bodily functions The principle is that hormones act as
2 functions as they are quickly broken cannot affect any physiological when released into the bloodstream. regulators, influencing specific bodily
down in the body. processes. functions upon release into the blood.
Hormones have no effect on target Target organs have their inherent Hormones influence target organs by When hormones bind to specific receptors,
3 organs since they are not specifically functioning, unaffected by hormone binding to specific receptors. they bring about changes in the functioning
designed to interact with them. presence or absence. of target organs.
Hormones are not relevant to glucose Dietary intake is the primary Hormones like insulin play a role in the Insulin, a hormone, is essential in the
regulation, as glucose levels are determinant of glucose levels; regulation of glucose levels. regulation of glucose levels, a fact
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determined solely by diet. hormones play no role. supported by scientific understanding and
experiments.
Hormones and neural coordination Both systems act in the same manner, Hormones and neural coordination have Comparatively analyzing hormones and
function identically, with no discernible regulating bodily functions without any distinct mechanisms and effects on bodily neural coordination reveals their differing
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differences in their mechanisms. unique mechanisms. functions. mechanisms and effects on the body's
physiological functions.
Hormones are primarily waste These waste products circulate in the Hormones are chemical messengers Defining hormones as chemical messengers
products produced by endocrine blood but do not serve any produced by endocrine glands, traveling produced by endocrine glands that travel in
6 glands. physiological purpose. through the bloodstream. the bloodstream to signal distant target
organs provides a clear understanding.
Hormones contribute to destabilizing Their inconsistent actions lead to Hormones contribute to maintaining The general principle is that hormones help
the body's equilibrium by causing imbalances in physiological homeostasis by regulating various maintain homeostasis by regulating various
7 irregularities in physiological parameters, disrupting homeostasis. physiological parameters. physiological parameters, leading to a
parameters. specific conclusion in particular scenarios.
Hormones are a recent discovery and Observations do not support a strong Hormones play a significant role in growth The relationship emphasizes the role of
do not significantly influence growth correlation between hormones and and development, as observed and hormones in growth and development,
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and development. growth or development. theorized. supported by observations and scientific
theories.
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, XI_Zoology_ New Chap-19 Chemical Coordination and Integration (Assertion and Reason Statement Pairs)
ZOOLOGY_New Chapter_19 - CHEMICAL COORDINATION AND INTEGRATION _ ASSERTION AND REASON Test Items
# Incorrect Assertion Incorrect Reason Correct Assertion Correct Reason
Hormones follow random patterns in The unpredictable behavior of Hormones follow specific rules in their The statement highlights that hormones
their actions, making any practical hormones negates their use in any actions, ensuring appropriate responses in follow certain rules or guidelines in their
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application impossible. specific application. target organs. actions, leading to appropriate responses in
target organs.
19.2 HUMAN ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Hormones are exclusively produced by These glands possess a unique ability Hormones secreted by glands regulate Hormones are released into the
major glands. to produce and regulate hormones. physiological processes in various parts of bloodstream and travel to specific target
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the body. organs, initiating responses that maintain
bodily functions.
The pituitary gland solely stores It retains these hormones until the The pituitary gland produces hormones This control ensures a balanced endocrine
hormones for later use by the body. body requires a sudden surge of that regulate other endocrine glands, system, where hormones are released in
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hormonal activity. demonstrating control over hormone levels appropriate quantities, maintaining
in the body. physiological harmony.
Adrenaline secretion has no impact on The body's stress response is solely The pancreas secretes insulin, allowing cells As a result, blood glucose levels decrease,
12 the body's response to stress. governed by psychological factors and to take in glucose from the bloodstream. ensuring cells have the necessary energy
not hormonal influence. for proper functioning.
The experiment to test insulin's effect The experiment to measure insulin's Adrenal glands release adrenaline during An experiment can be designed to measure
on blood glucose levels would yield impact on blood glucose levels would the "fight or flight" response, preparing the physiological changes in individuals
13
unpredictable and inconsistent results. yield unpredictable and inconsistent body for heightened physical activity. experiencing adrenaline release during
results due to varying insulin potency. stressful situations.
The nervous system and the endocrine Both systems employ electrical The endocrine and nervous systems differ Despite the differences, both systems play
system have identical communication impulses for efficient communication in communication methods, with the crucial roles in coordinating and regulating
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methods. and coordination. former using hormones and the latter using bodily functions.
electrical impulses.
The thymus gland is not part of the The thymus gland's functions and The pituitary gland, often referred to as the Its influence stems from its ability to
15 endocrine system. secretions have no direct impact on "master gland," controls the functions of release various hormones that govern
the regulation of bodily processes. many other endocrine glands. diverse physiological processes.
The endocrine system primarily This disruption aids in enhancing The endocrine system's overall function is This coordination ensures that various
disrupts homeostasis and creates adaptability to varying environmental to maintain homeostasis by coordinating physiological parameters remain within
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imbalances within the body. conditions. and regulating bodily processes through specific ranges, promoting the body's
hormone secretion. equilibrium.
The theory of positive feedback Observations consistently show that The theory of negative feedback is Observations consistently show that
governs hormone regulation. hormones, when at elevated levels, exemplified in hormone regulation, where hormones, when at optimal levels,
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maintain stability in physiological rising hormone levels trigger inhibitory effectively maintain stability in
processes. mechanisms to maintain balance. physiological processes.
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, XI_Zoology_ New Chap-19 Chemical Coordination and Integration (Assertion and Reason Statement Pairs)
ZOOLOGY_New Chapter_19 - CHEMICAL COORDINATION AND INTEGRATION _ ASSERTION AND REASON Test Items
# Incorrect Assertion Incorrect Reason Correct Assertion Correct Reason
19.2.1 The Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus directly secretes This secretion occurs through direct The hypothalamus contains neurosecretory These nuclei produce hormones that
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pituitary hormones. neural regulation. cells. regulate pituitary functions.
The hypothalamus produces only These inhibiting hormones stimulate The hypothalamus releases releasing and Releasing hormones stimulate, while
19 inhibiting hormones. pituitary hormone secretion. inhibiting hormones. inhibiting hormones suppress pituitary
hormone release.
Hypothalamic hormones have no These hormones directly control the Gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) GnRH acts as the cause, initiating the effect
20 influence on pituitary hormone pituitary gland's hormone production. stimulates gonadotrophin release. of gonadotrophin synthesis and release.
secretion.
The hypothalamus communicates with Direct neural regulation is the The hypothalamus regulates the anterior These hormones reach the pituitary gland
21 the posterior pituitary through the mechanism for communication. pituitary through hormone release into the and control its functions.
circulatory system. portal circulatory system.
The hypothalamus regulates the Both anterior and posterior pituitary The hypothalamus indirectly regulates the It directly controls the posterior pituitary
22 anterior pituitary through direct neural are regulated through the same anterior pituitary through the circulatory through neural regulation.
control. mechanisms. system.
The hypothalamus is located in the This location allows it to influence The hypothalamus is in the basal part of Its location provides it with the ability to
23
midbrain. body functions. the diencephalon in the forebrain. regulate various body functions.
The hypothalamus equally regulates It mainly controls the functions of the The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in It ensures the maintenance of homeostasis
24
both anterior and posterior pituitary. posterior pituitary. regulating various body functions. and physiological balance.
The hypothalamus directly regulates Empirical evidence supports this The hypothalamus controls pituitary This empirical evidence supports the theory
25 the pituitary gland without the theory. functions through hormone release. of hypothalamic regulation of pituitary
involvement of hormones. functions.
19.2.2 The Pituitary Gland
The pituitary gland, located in the sella The sella tursica location provides a Understanding the pituitary gland's The adenohypophysis, or anterior pituitary,
tursica, primarily produces melanocyte- conducive environment for melanocyte functionality is deepened by produces vital hormones (GH, PRL, TSH,
26 stimulating hormone (MSH) which stimulation, allowing the pituitary to comprehending how its anterior portion, ACTH, LH, FSH) which have profound
regulates skin pigmentation. produce MSH and control skin the adenohypophysis, produces various impacts on various physiological processes.
coloration effectively. vital hormones.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) TSH directly triggers the thyroid gland Understanding how TSH stimulates the TSH, produced by the anterior pituitary,
directly influences the synthesis and to synthesize thyroxine and synthesis and secretion of thyroid stimulates the thyroid gland to produce
27 secretion of thyroid hormones from triiodothyronine, facilitating overall hormones allows us to grasp its role in thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3),
the thyroid gland, aiding in growth growth and development in regulating metabolism. crucial hormones that regulate the body's
regulation. individuals. metabolism and energy production.
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