Exam (elaborations)
Biological Bases of Behavior _ Vocab.
- Institution
- LPSP1202 - Chapitre 12 - Troubles Du Sommeil
Biological Bases of Behavior _ Vocab.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Biological Bases of Behavior : VocabNeuron-✔✔a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
Dendrite-✔✔a neuron's bushy, branching extensions that receive
messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body
Axon-✔✔the neuron extension that passes messages through its
branches to other neurons or to muscles or glands
Myelin sheath-✔✔a fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing the axons of
some neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed as neural
impulses hop from one sausage-like node to the next
Nodes of Ranvier-✔✔gaps in the myelin sheath
Action potential-✔✔a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels
down an axon
Refractory period-✔✔a period of inactivity after a neuron has fired
Threshold-✔✔the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
Depolarization-✔✔The process during the action potential when sodium is
rushing into the cell causing the interior to become more positive.
Synapse-✔✔the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and
the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron
Neurotransmitter-✔✔chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps
between neurons
Dopamine-✔✔feel good hormone, gives pleasure feeling (nostalgia)
Excess: ADHD Shortage: parkinsons
, Serotonin-✔✔mood & sleep, produces melatonin; carries messages from
nerve cells to brain; influence digestion, nausea, etc Excess: severe
serotonin syndrome Shortage: depression, anxiety
GABA-✔✔primary inhibitory, blocks impulses for nerve cells Excess:
hypersomnia Shortage: epilepsy, autism, schizophrenia
Glutamate-✔✔learning and memory, energy source for brain cells Excess:
death, parkinsons, alzheimer's
Acetylcholine (ACh)-✔✔involved in all body's movements, slows heart
rate, contracts smooth muscles Shortage: dementia, alzheimer's
Norepinephrine-✔✔increases alertness, constricts blood vessels, affects
sleep-wake cycle Excess: pheochromocytoma Shortage: ADHD
Agonist-✔✔a molecule that, by binding to a receptor site, stimulates a
response
Antagonist-✔✔a molecule that, by binding to a receptor site, inhibits or
blocks a response
Central nervous system-✔✔brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system-✔✔connects the CNS to the rest of the body
Sensory (afferent) neurons-✔✔carry signals from the body's sensory
receptors to the brain
Motor (efferent) neurons-✔✔carry signals from brain to the body
Interneurons-✔✔within the brain they process info
Somatic nervous system-✔✔enables control of skeletal muscles
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lydiaomutho. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £6.50. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
64438 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now