CSD 5850 Dementia
Dementia - ANS-A syndrome with multiple cognitive deficits sufficient to interfere with
social and occupational functioning
Defining feature of AD - ANS-rapid forgetting of recent events
Hippocampal Complex - ANS-AD begins begins in this part of the brain important to
event memory
Tau - ANS-a crucial protein & in AD, these proteins go out of control and form tangles.
frontal lobes; WM - ANS-In AD, lateral structural changes occur in _______ ________,
and _____ is affected.
temporal; parietal; SM - ANS-By late stage AD, __________ and _______ areas are
affected and _________ is compromised.
AD - ANS-the most common dementing disease
eye - ANS-pathology of the brain can be seen in the lens of the _________.
Risk Factors of AD - ANS-hypertension, obesity, high cholesterol, diabetes, chronic
stress, insufficient sleep, sedentary lifestyle
Risk Factors of AD you cannot control - ANS-family history of the disease, age, history
of head trauma, age of mother, having 2 copies of the type 4 allele of apolipoprotein E
Risk factors of AD you can control - ANS-smoking, obesity, diabetes, chronic stress
79% - ANS-smoking after 65 increases risk by ____
3 1/2 - ANS-midlife obesity makes you ____ times more likely to develop AD
twice - ANS-diabetes makes you _____ as likely to develop AD
quadruple - ANS-chronic stress may _____________ your risk of AD
namenda - ANS-regulates glutamate
, razadyne - ANS-prevents breakdown of acetylcholine and stimulates nicotine receptors
exelon - ANS-prevents breakdown of acetylcholine and butyrylcholine
aricept - ANS-prevents breakdown of acetylcholine
strategies to reduce your risk of AD - ANS-exercise 30 min five times/week, undertake
to learn something new, adhere to a regular sleep schedule, learn relaxation
techniques, stay socially connected
Symptoms of AD - ANS-history of intellectual decline; multiple cognitive deficits,
memory impairment; difficulty with language, praxis, and/or executive function; Deficits
interfere with social/occupational functioning
Memory deficit profile of AD - ANS-Early loss of EM; WM affected early and
progressively worsens; SM & LM holds well until late stages; PM holds best
Early Communication Changes in AD - ANS-Normal grammar; less concise discourse;
more fragments; forget topic; repetitious
Middle stage communication changes in AD - ANS-less verbal output; difficulty with
lexical retrieval and idea generation (dysnomia & empty discourse); impair
comprehension because of rapid forgetting; retain reading skills
Late stage communication changes in AD - ANS-severely reduced output of meaningful
language (dysnomia & ideational perservation); may be able to state name and
contribute to a conversation; often retain some social language; reading comprehension
impaired though many can read single words aloud.
Treatment approaches - ANS-NP principles: use to not lose; use and improve (SM and
LM includes repetition, minimization of errors, appropriate task complexity); learner
engagement (relevancy); elaborated encoding; use schemas. Use PM (conditioning,
priming) for new learning
treatment model - ANS-strengthen the knowledge and processes that have the potential
to improve; reduce demands on impaired cognitive systems; increase reliance on
spared systems; provide stimuli that evoke positive fact memory, action, and emotion.
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