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Cell Types (Biomedical Science)
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This document provides a comprehensive overview of cell biology, focusing on the fundamental unit of life: the cell. It covers the essential components and functions of cells, as well as the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

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  • June 24, 2024
  • June 24, 2024
  • 2
  • 2023/2024
  • Lecture notes
  • Dr zita balklava
  • All classes

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Cells To Systems - Cell Types
Cell Types

What Is Cell Biology?
Cell Biology - The study of cells, including physiology, organelles, interactions with the environment, life, division
and death. Cells can be studied using a microscope




Cell:
Cell - The basic membrane-bound unit that contains the fundamental molecules of life and where all living things
are composed

Composed of 70% of water and 30% of other molecules e.g. proteins, RNA, DNA, lipids, sugars

Universal Features:

 Requires genetic information
 Requires free energy to live and replicate
 Surrounded by a plasma membrane
 All cells have a DNA, where hereditary information is stored
Transient - Temporary/Short time
 Contains RNA for transient information carrier
 Contains proteins (functions can be structural, different enzymes and transport)
 Central dogma of molecular biology where information flows 1 direction (DNA > RNA > protein)

Functions Of Plasma Membrane:

 It is a selective barrier
 It concentrates desirable materials inside e.g. nutrients
 Excludes undesirable materials e.g. waste products

Templated Replication:


1. DNA consists of 2 complementary strands (this means that 1 of
them will always be used as a template to create a new strand)
2. The new strand will serve as a template to synthesise RNA
3. RNA will then be a template to synthesise proteins




2 Types Of Cells:

1. Prokaryotes
2. Eukaryotes



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