PSYC 5850 Final Exam
Heroin is a ______ _____ for mu-opioid receptors. - ANS-competitive agonist
Partial Agonists - ANS--Show high affinity for receptors but produce only a weak physiological
response when they bind
-Intrinsic value of 0.5
In the presence of a full agonist, a partial agonist functions as a ________? - ANS-Antagonist
In contrast to methadone,
buprenorphne is a ______? - ANS-Partial agonist
All opioid receptors are ______ - ANS-Metabotropic
Opioid receptors ______ K+
channels, promoting ________ of K+ and ______ of action potentials - ANS-open - efflux, which
causes
hyper polarization and suppression of action potentials
Opioid receptors ______ Ca2+
channels, promoting _______ of Ca2+ and _____. - ANS-close - prevent influx -
prevent exocitosis
Affinity - ANS-A measure of the degree of attraction between ligand and receptor - related by
Kd, the dissociation constant
Potency - ANS-A measure of the amount of drug necessary to produce a specific response
POMC makes ___ and ___ - ANS-B-endorphin and ACTH - both substances are central to the
stress-response system
Pro-enkephalin makes what, which is good for what? - ANS-met- and leu- enkephalin -
reinforcement and pain suppression
Opioid receptor co-localization - ANS-opioid receptors are found in the same cells that release
other NTMs. Typically the role is inhibitory.
Opiates were first prescribed to treat ______, then opiate addiction was treated for with _____. -
ANS-Alcoholism, Cocaine
, John Pemberton - ANS-UGA Grad who first invented Coca Cola
How does Cocaine act as a local anesthetic? - ANS-Blockade of voltage-gated Na+ channels -
this prevents an action potential from being created
Cocaine is a ___ ____ _____ ____ - ANS--Presynaptic Monoamine Transporter Inhibitor
-basically blocks the reuptake of the monoamines
By blocking the monoamine
TRANSPORTERS, cocaine and amphetamines function as __ Monoamine ___ - ANS-Indirect
Monoamine Agonists
Cocaine Crash Cause - ANS-Transient depletion of monoamines in axon terminals
Cocaine showed a strong ______ shift in ICSS studies. - ANS-Leftward - Lower voltages and
frequences result in robust lever pressing - mesolimbic synergy
In the ICSS method, if the behavior becomes more frequent, it shows - ANS-reinforcement
In the ICSS method, if the behavior becomes less frequent, it shows - ANS-punishment
Shift to the right in ICSS - ANS-either the drug causes dysphoria or the animal is going through
withdrawal - more electric stimulation is needed to get the animal to press the lever
Discriminative Stimulus Test gets rats to do what? - ANS-Gets the rats to perform different
behaviors based on whether they are high or not
Amphetamines can act as DA neurotoxins, especially in the _______ part of the brain. -
ANS-Basal Ganglia
MDMA (Ecstacy) causes reduction in ______ neurons. - ANS-Serotonin
Mexicans used weed to treat ______, ______, and as a ______. - ANS-asthma, epilepsy,
anesthetic (dilates bronchiole tubes)
What is the main psychoactive
constituent of marijuana? - ANS-Delta 9 THC
CB1 receptors are all _______, and are negatively coupled to Adenylate Cyclase, which results
in ____. - ANS-metabotropic - hyperpolarization through modulation of K+ and Ca2+ channels
CB1 receptor location in the synapse - ANS-PREsynaptically
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