HLTH 503 midterm
epidemic - Answer- marked increase in the occurrence of disease over and above expectation for a community during a defined period of time
pandemic - Answer- epidemic spreads over several countries or continents
endemic - Answer- disease regularly and continuously present ...
HLTH 503 midterm
epidemic - Answer- marked increase in the occurrence of disease over and above
expectation for a community during a defined period of time
pandemic - Answer- epidemic spreads over several countries or continents
endemic - Answer- disease regularly and continuously present in a community
incubation period - Answer- time interval between exposure to an infectious or non-
infectious agents and appearance of the first sign or symptoms of the disease.
(minimum, max, range, average, median [time required for 50% of the cases to
occur])
preparing for field work - Answer- -field investigation: knowledge, supplies, and lab
equipment
-administration: approval for travel arrangements
-consultation: providing knowledge to the local staff
establishing the existence of an outbreak - Answer- -compare the observed with the
expected number of cases (unusual rises or patterns of disease occurrence)
-health department surveillance records
-existing data: hospital discharge, mortality stats, disease registries, state/national
disease rates, existing literature
verifying the diagnosis - Answer- -what disease is occurring? (conduct survey
interview with both the ill and the well)
-review clinical findings and lab results
establishing case definition - Answer- time, place, person, and clinical criteria (signs
or symptoms)
identifying and counting cases - Answer- -compiling of critical items on a form called
a "line listing"
-characteristics such as sex, race, name, address, all symptoms, food eaten,
exposures, etc
hypotheses - Answer- -what is the agent?
-how is it transmitted?
-what are the known risk factors?
evaluation of hypotheses - Answer- calculating attack rates, attributable risks,
relative risks, and odds ratios
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