Essay plan for the question - 'How far was the Political Nation able to assert its influence over the crown '.
Themed paragraphs, judgements and examples.
How far was the Political Nation able to assert its influence over the crown in the years 1678 to
1702
Financial
● Financial revolution 1690s - 1693 Million Loan Act, Bank of England 1694
● Total cost of war - £36 million 1688-97
● Land tax, window tax - landowners taxed
● Tacking - attaching money to bills parliament wanted passed (1694 Triennial Act)
● Civil list 1697 - taxpayer pays for monarchy, parliament control.
★ Crown rich 1681-1685 William was the richest monarch
★ 1681-1685 Charles II ruled without parliament - was good financially
★ Before the glorious revolution parliament did not have financial control of Crown
Power over foreign policy
● CII + JII pro France - 1688 big shift against france
● Wars with France 1689-1697
● 1960 Battle of Boyne - pacification of irish catholics
★ CII defeat exclusion partly with money from france
★ William has a lot of power of starting wars and leading fighting
Political control
● Triennial Act 1694 - Crown can’t dissolve parliament
● Parliament sits every year 1689 - onwards
● Party system - Whigs and Tories
● Bill of Rights 1689 - rights against absolutism - no more dispensing powers
● Glorious Revolution - Immortal seven - Social contract.
● 1701 Act of Settlement - ensures catholics cannot inherit the throne.
● William - no touching for the king’s evil - king doesn't believe in the principle of divine right.
★ William exploits the Party system - favours whig Junto at beginning, then Tories after treaty with
France (treaty of ryswick).
★ William vetos 5 bills - bills removing dutch advisers
★ Declaration of rights 1688 - watered down to the Bill of Rights - king keeps a lot of his prerogative.
★ Tories can claim ‘passive obedience’ and ‘vacated throne’ - James threw the royal seal into
thames.
★ Charles 2 defeats exclusion - defeats whigs and some tories that don't want catholic
★ Charles II ruled without parliament 1681-85
★ James II defeats Monmouth (and whigs) 1685 - big army.
Religious control
● Act of settlement 1701
● James II aliemnated the ruling class through his declaration of indulgences- 1688 Glorious
Revolution + Immortal seven
● 1689 Toleration act
● Latitudinarian - chilled out protestantism
● Test Acts 1678 - parliament stops charles from promoting catholics
● Defeat of irish catholics - 1690 Battle of Boyne
★ Dispensing Acts - Godden vs Hales 1685 (harles exempted hales a catholic judge from the test
act oaths)
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