Gerontology HESI Test With Complete Solutions
1. The cleansing of the stomach with a solution delivered through a nasogastric tube is termed gastric
lavage. It is used to remove poisons, medication overdoses, or other toxic substances from the stomach.
2. Patients on dialysis should avoid foods high in potassium, such as avocado, banana, and dried fruit.
However, they are encouraged to include lean meats, including lean red meat, in their diet as they
provide high-quality protein that produces less waste and supports healing and normal body functions.
3. Differential diagnoses for Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) include conditions like cholecystitis, gastric
carcinoma, cardiovascular disease, pancreatitis, and biliary tract disease. Migraines are least likely to be
considered as a differential diagnosis for PUD, as they are unrelated to gastrointestinal disorders.
There are a good many diseases affecting the elderly that are the result of smoking. Counseling
regarding smoking cessation is part of the GNP's job. The components of brief intervention for treating
tobacco use are:
Counsel, Document, Caution, Describe, Demonstrate
Advise, Confer, Describe, Document, Prescribe
Advise, Counsel, Intervene, Prescribe, Follow-up
Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange ✔️Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
,Ask about tobacco use, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to make an attempt to quit, Assist in this quit
attempt. Arrange a follow-up.
Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that she is concerned about. How do
you diagnose this?
Cyst.
Bulla.
Wheal.
Plaques. ✔️Wheal
Cyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size. Bulla: fluid-filled, elevated, circumscribed lesion
that's larger than 5mm. Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with transient elevation lesion that's 0.5 to
10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of papules; elevated and a variety of shapes; larger than
5mm.
Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic aneurysm?
males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
females aged 65-75 who have hypertension
,males and females over 75
females over 75 ✔️males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in females. The American Heart
Association recommends screening males once between ages 65-75 if they have ever smoked since that
increases the risk of AAA.
With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely prescribe what medication?
Metronidazole.
Erythromycin.
Ampicillin.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. ✔️Metronidazole.
The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: - Campylobacter jejuni: Erythromycin -
Salmonella: Ampicillin - Shigella: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole - Giardia lamblia: Metronidazole
A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your office. He tells you he just came in from the woods and
discovered a tick on his upper right thigh. He reports self removal of the tick and now the area is slightly
red. What should you advise him to do?
, He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
He should be prescribed doxycycline.
He needs no treatment.
He needs a topical scrub to prevent Lyme Disease. ✔️He needs no treatment.
To develop Lyme Disease from a tick bite, many factors must be present. The tick must belong to Ixodes
species and must have been attached for at least 48 hours before the disease can spread. There is no
need for prophylactic treatment in this case because the tick has not been present long enough.
As part of the treatment plan for your elderly patient, you recommend he see an Ophthalmologist. What
body part(s) will this doctor evaluate?
Brain / nerves.
Eyes.
Bones / Joints / Muscles.
Ears / Throat. ✔️Eyes
