CSET Multiple Subject Subtest 1: History and Social Science World History
Set Verified Solutions
The Near East
- Included the Tigris and Euphrates Valley, the Fertile Crescent, and the Nile Valley. They developed the
first system of independent states, writing, and architectural achievements such as the ziggurat and
pyramid. They also created the first codified laws and established the first lasting monotheism.
The Sumerians
- Founders of Mesopotamian civilization, known for large-scale irrigation projects, an advanced
mathematical system, and the invention of the wheel.
Ziggurat
- A rectangular, tiered temple or terraced mound built by the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians, serving
as the center of community life.
The Babylonians
- Included the Hittites, Assyrians, Chaldeans, and Phoenicians. Known for a centralized government and
advancements in algebra and geometry.
,The Code of Hammurabi
- A set of laws covering various aspects such as crimes, farming, business activities, marriage, and family.
Although many punishments were harsh, it was a significant step in the development of a justice
system.
The Hittites ✔️2000-1200 B.C. conquered much of Asia Minor & northern Mesopotamia; a major
contribution included the invention of iron smelting, which revolutionized warfare.
The Assyrians ✔️created an empire based on military superiority, conquest, and terrorism (911-550
B.C.) -Military techniques included siege warfare, intimidation, and the use of iron weapons. Created a
centralized government, a postal service, an extensive library, and a system of highways.
The Chaldeans ✔️Established the new Babylonian Empire under Nebuchadnezzar (605-538 B.C.)-
Conquered Mesopotamia, Syria, and Palestine Developed astrology, astronomy, advanced government
bureaucracy, and architectural achievements such as the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.
The Persians ✔️-Attempted to unify the entire Near East under one rule (500s B.C.)
,-Established an international government
-Zoroastrianism, an ethical religion based on concepts of good and evil
-Failed to conquer the Greeks; Persia was eventually conquered by Alexander the Great (334-331 B.C.)
The Phoenicians ✔️-Became the first explorers, traders, and colonizers of the ancient world; their
civilization reached its peak in 1000 B.C.
-Greatest seafaring civilization in the ancient world
-Developed extensive trade networks throughout the Mediterranean and set up distant trade networks
and trading colonies such as Tyre and Sidon
-Invented the first true alphabet
-Dominated the Mediterranean commerce and exported manufactured glass and purple dye (royal
purple)
The Lydians ✔️-Occupied western Asia Minor (500s B.C.)
-Their culture reached its zenith under King Croesus (Golden King)
-Were responsible for the first coinage of money
, The Israelites ✔️-Established the first lasting monotheism
-Saul established the first kingdom in Palestine (c. 1030-1010 B.C.)
-After the death of Solomon (922 B.C.), the Hebrews were divided into two kingdoms (Israel and Judah)
-Disunity and conquest resulted in the destruction of Israel (722 B.C.) and Judah (586 B.C.)
-The revolt of the Israelites against Rome resulted in the destruction of Jerusalem (A.D. 70) and the
forced dispersal of the Jews from Palestine (Jewish Diaspora, c. A.D. 132-135)
The Egyptians ✔️establishe a civiliztion in the Nile Valley.
Egyptian History ✔️Old Kingdom (massive pyramids)
Middle kingdom
New kingdom (gets agressive)
Egyptian Religion ✔️They were polytheistic worshiping over 2,000 gods and goddesses. They believed
in the afterlife and that they would be judged for their life. They had sacred burials. Ruled by Pharoahs.
