Midwifery - Anatomy And Physiology - Year 1
With Complete Solutions Latest Update 2024
What are the 3 phases of the first stage of labour? - correct answers Latent phase -
0-4cm, irregular contractions, cervical canal shortens (3cm to less than 0.5cm).
Active phase - 4-8cm, regular contractions 2-5 mins apart and lasting over 60
seconds, cervix is mid to anterior/soft, effaced.
Transitional - 8-10cm, can be brief lull in contractions, change in woman's
behaviour.
Where does fertilisation usually occur? - correct answers Ampulla of the uterine
tube.
What is the dosage of diamorphine and how is it given? - correct answers 5-10mg
(dependent on patient size), 4 hourly and IM.
What is Pica? - correct answers Craving of non-food items such as clay, soap, coal,
etc.
When should the nuchal translucency scan take place and what is it for? - correct
answers Between 11+2 and 14+1 weeks. It checks the fluid at the back of the
baby's neck and is an indicator for Down's syndrome.
,What is tachysystole? - correct answers More than 5 contractions in 10 minutes in
spontaneous labour.
What is tachycardia? - correct answers A maternal pulse rate of over 100bpm.
Name 5 non-pharmacological methods of pain relief. - correct answers Water
Distraction techniques
TENS machine
Position
Massage
Hypnotherapy
Aromatherapy
Acupuncture
Breathing techniques
What changes occur in the maternal respiratory system during pregnancy? -
correct answers Oxygen consumption increases by up to 20-30%
Rib cage expands
Tidal volume increases by up to 30-40%
,Name 3 types of abnormal placenta. - correct answers Battledore insertion - cord
inserted on the edge
Velementous insertion - cord inserted through the membranes, some distance
from the placenta
Succenturiate lobe - a lobe which is separated from the main body but connected
by the placental blood vessels
Circumuallate - opaque ring
Bipartite - two separate lobes and a bifurcated cord
The zygote undergoes mitotic cellular division (clevage), resulting in the formation
of smaller cells. What is the zygote called at each of these changes (day 1, day 3
and day 4)? - correct answers Day 1 - blastomere
Day 3 - morula
Day 4 - blastocyst
There are 3 primary germ layers that are the main embryonic tissues, from which
structures and organs develop. What are they and what develops from them? -
correct answers Ectoderm - epidermis layer of skin, hair, nails and the nervous
system
, Mesoderm - muscle, skeleton, dermis of skin, connective tissue, urogenital gland,
blood vessels, blood and lymph cells
Endoderm - epithelial lining of the digestive, respiratory and urinary systems and
glandular organs, such as the liver and the pancreas
What is the dosage of meptid and how should it be given? - correct answers 75-
150mg, 2-4 hourly and IM.
What is haemoglobin broken down into? - correct answers Iron - which produces
more red blood cells
Globin - a protein used in the body
Un-conjugated bilirubin - toxic, fat-soluble, not easily excreted in bile/urine, causes
yellow discolouration of skin and deposits in the brain
Sensory receptors that respond to pain are called? - correct answers Nocioceptors
What should you look for when performing a vaginal examination. - correct
answers Labia - varicosities, oedema, warts, sores, etc
Perineum - scars, epis, FGM, etc
