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Anthropology 102: Intro to Human Evolution Exam #1 verified/passed
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Anthropology 102: Intro to Human Evolution Exam #1 verified/passed
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Anthropology 102: Intro to Human Evolution Exam #1What is Anthropology? - correct answer ✔✔The study of all aspects of the human species, including our biology.
Sub-fields of Anthropology - correct answer ✔✔Archaeology
Biological Cultural Linguistic
Biological (Physical) Anthropology - correct answer ✔✔Study of human biology within evolutionary framework *Two principal areas of interest:*
-Biological variation
-How modern species came to exist
Variation - correct answer ✔✔differences between individuals within and between populations.
Anthropologists are interested in variation in terms of both biology and culture.
Evolution - correct answer ✔✔is the change in living organisms over time
both cultural and biological evolution interest anthropologist
Sub-fields of Biological Anthropology - correct answer ✔✔Osteology: study of skeletons Human genetics: study of the human genome
Paleoanthropology: study of human fossil record
Primatology: study of nonhuman primates.
Characteristics of Science - correct answer ✔✔Scientists believe that an organized reality exists in nature Things occur through natural processes that can be studied
Principles can be formulated to explain how things work in nature
E.g. how raindrops are formed
Facts - correct answer ✔✔verifiable truth
Inference - correct answer ✔✔conclusions drawn from the available evidence
Hypothesis - correct answer ✔✔a testable explanation of observed facts
Testability - correct answer ✔✔a scientific hypothesis must be testable
Theory - correct answer ✔✔a set of hypotheses that explain a large body of concrete facts, that have been tested over and over again and have not been rejected
Natural Selection - correct answer ✔✔Mechanism for change favoring the survival and reproduction of some organisms over others because of hereditary differences between them
the SCIENTIFIC THEORY that explains how organisms are biologically transformed Evolution is change in living organisms over time - correct answer ✔✔Evolution is a fact...living organisms have changed in the past and continue to change today. There are forms of life living today that did not exist in the past and vice versa.
Adaptation - correct answer ✔✔advantageous changes brought about by natural selection.
-Morphological
-Physiological
-Behavioral
What is selectively advantageous may change with the environment. Organisms may go extinct if they? - correct answer ✔✔cannot adapt to changing conditions
Pre- Scientific European Views - correct answer ✔✔Grand Design: the world is the result of God's design Stasis: the world is fixed and unchanging Great chain of being: life arranged from simplest to most complex
Earth is "full": nothing can be added
Nicolaus Copernicus (1514) - correct answer ✔✔founder of Heliocentric theory: Earth and planets revolve around the sun
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) - correct answer ✔✔1st use of telescope to study stars.
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