This summaryThis provides an in-depth summary of the First Crusade from the above unit. All summaries are under clear headings and sub-titles. There are also overviews of arguments (useful for essay planning) and a timeline.
People’s Crusade: (First Wave)
→ Largely made of peasants and leaders were from knightly classes
→ Appeal of Peter the Hermit = proclaimed a Crusade in the Rhineland and other
parts of Germany
→ Peter was their leader and blamed for their failure, lack of discipline and
uncontrollable events
Peter the Hermit:
Had previously travelled to Jerusalem and horrified by high taxes on pilgrims
and claimed to have met the Pope → he also suffered ill treatment at the hands
of the Turks
Lived an ascetic life ⇒ enthusiastic preacher and spread word of the situation
of the Holy Lands before Urban preached
Urban carried parts of the True Cross and Peter claimed a direct message
from heaven
First Crusade 1
, FAILURE = joined by churchmen, noble laymen, common people BUT welding
desperate force together would be a challenge for an experienced leader, let
alone Peter.
Had some organisational ability such as sending Walter Sassavoir and 8
knights in advance and he was instrumental in recruitment of armies in
Northern and Southern Germany
💡 Problems faced:
No plan → no date to depart and anyone could join
Did not have the approval of the Church
Followers worked up by message and anyone who opposed = enemy
Strong element of anti-semitism and had considerable influence on
actions
No control over who went
Proportions of non-combatants higher than desirable
Different People’s Crusades:
So many non-combatants joined the First Crusade for faith, hope for the
absolution of sins and belief in indulgences.
Urban wanted the Crusade to leave in Aug 1096 so there was a full harvest
and they could resupply on spare provisions as they want. He did not expect
the Crusade to leave at once so knights and barons could get their affairs in
order
The ordinary people did not wait as Peter preached the horrors of Jerusalem
and says he received a message from God to leave immediately.
FRANCE→ they got to Belgrade and were not expected for another 1/2 a year
and expected soldiers = they were told to wait and were not allowed in SO
leader of Belgrade sent a letter to Constantinople to receive orders. Whilst
First Crusade 2
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller danielle5820. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £5.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
