Summary sheet for core study describing the basics for the study as well as ethical consideration and evaluations of validity and reliability within the study.
Background : Aims: Validity:
Social power is the influence an individual has to To investigate how people deal +High in concurrent validity as HEXACO and Social Value Orientation
change other peoples thoughts. with unethical request of study and were already made, so Bocchiaro was further validating the materials.
Unjust authority is instructions causing someone if they obey, disobey or whistle -Population validity as there is a culture bias because all ppts were
to behave in an antisocial way. blow. from Amsterdam.
Whistle-blowers = person who exposes someone -How people think they behave vs -Ecological validity as asking ppts to fil out form convincing students to
engaging in unlawful or immoral activity. how they actually behave. take part on sensory deprivation, does not relate to real world
-Do people show different occurrences every day.
Milgram showed obedience to legitimate personalities characteristics than
authority despite their beliefs. Little research on those who don’t. Reliability:
disobedience. Interested in understanding +High in internal reliability, as it took part in a lab in VU University,
personal as well as social nature of dis/obedience. Pilot Study: Amsterdam. This is a control, which increases consistency within the
8 pilot studies on 92 study.
Sample: 149 undergraduates, who were paid 7 undergraduates.
euros course credit, self-selected by flyers in VU Comparison group = 138 ppts.
university.
Materials: Ethical Issues:
11 removed due to social desirability.
-HEXACO Bocchiaro et al
+Had right to withdraw and could leave at any point/ not take part
-Social Value Orientation and disobey.
Procedure: Controlled observation
Greeted by male confederate, who was stern, and talked about cover story on sensory +Gave informed consent as they knew what it involved but not the
deprivation. Asked for names of fellow students to take part in study on social deprivation. true aims.
First room = told to write statements convincing other students to take part and experimenter +Fully debriefed at end to check for any psychological harm caused
left. by deception or study on sensory deprivation.
Second room = Research committee forms on computer and mailbox. Told to be enthusiastic
and not to mention negative effects. Could anomalously challenge ethics by putting forms in -Deceived on what the true aim of the observation was about,
mailbox. which could have caused psychological harm.
Fully debriefed at end.
Results: Conclusions:
76% obeyed -People obey authority, even unjust.
14% disobeyed -Behaviour changes in extreme circumstances.
9% whistle blew -Whistle-blowers have more faith than obedient and
No significant differences disobedient individuals.
in gender or religious -Situational factors offer better experiences for
affiliation. disobedient than dispositional.
Significant difference with
faith.
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