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Fundamentals of Nursing Exam Questions and Correct Answers Rated A+
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Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 2024- 2025 Questions and Correct Answers Rated A+
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Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 2024-2025 Questions and Correct Answers
Rated A+
A client comes to the walk-in clinic with reports of abdominal pain and
diarrhea. While taking the client's vital signs, the nurse is
implementing which phase of the nursing process?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Implementation -ANSWER-A. Assessment
Rationale: The first step in the nursing process is assessment, the
process of collecting data. All subsequent phases of the nursing
process (options 2, 3, and 4) rely on accurate and complete data.
The nurse is measuring the client's urine output and straining the urine
to assess for stones. Which of the following should the nurse record
as objective data?
A. The client reports abdominal pain
B. The client's urine output was 450 mL
C. The client states, "I didn't see any stones in my urine."
D. The client states, "I feel like I have passed a stone." -ANSWER-B.
The client's urine output was 450 mL.
Rationale: Objective data is measurable data that can be seen, heard,
or verified by the nurse. The objective data is the measurement of the
urine output. A client's statements and reports of symptoms are
documented as subjective data, such as the data found in options 1,
3, and 4.
,When evaluating an elderly client's blood pressure (BP) of 146/78
mmHg, the nurse does which of the following before determining
whether the BP is normal or represents hypertension?
A. Compare this reading against defined standards
B. Compare the reading with one taken in the opposite arm
C. Determine gaps in the vital signs in the client record
D. Compare the current measurement with previous ones -ANSWER-
A. Compare this reading against defined
Rationale: Analysis of the client's BP requires knowledge of the
normal BP range for an older adult. The nurse compares the client's
data against identified standards to determine whether this reading is
normal or abnormal. Measuring the BP in the other arm (option 2) and
comparing the reading to previous ones (option 4) will give additional
client data, but the comparison alone will not determine whether the
BP is normal. Gaps in the record (option 3) will not aid in interpreting
the current measurement.
Which of the following behaviors by the nurse demonstrates that the
nurse is participating in critical thinking? Select all that apply.
A. Admitting not knowing how to do a procedure and requesting help
B. Using clever and persuasive remarks to support an opinion or
position
C. Accepting without question the values acquired in nursing school
D. Finding a quick and logical answer, even to complex questions
,E. Gathering three assistants to transfer the client to a stretcher after
noting the client weighs 300 lbs. -ANSWER-A. Admitting not knowing
how to do a procedure and requesting help
E. Gathering three assistants to transfer the client to a stretcher after
noting the client weighs 300 lbs.
Rationale: Critical thinking in nursing is self-directed, supporting what
nurses know and making clear what they do not know. It is important
for nurses to recognize when they lack the knowledge they need to
provide safe care for a client (option 1). Nurses must also utilize their
resources to acquire the support they need to care for a client safely
(option 5). Options 2, 3, and 4 do not demonstrate critical thinking.
The nurse has documented the following outcome goal in the care
plan: "The client will transfer from bed to chair with two-person assist."
The charge nurse tells the nurse to add which of the following to
complete the goal?
A. Client behavior
B. Conditions or modifiers
C. Performance criteria
D. Target time -ANSWER-D. Target time
Rationale: The outcome goal does not state the target timeframe for
when the nurse should expect to see the client behavior ("transfer").
The condition or modifier is present ("with two assists"). The
performance criterion is "from bed to chair."
, The nurse who documents on the client's care plan the outcome goal
"Anxiety will be relieved within 20 to 40 minutes following
administration of lorazepam (Ativan)" is engaged in which step of the
nursing process?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation -ANSWER-B. Planning
Rationale: The planning step of the nursing process involves
formulating client goals and designing the nursing interventions
required to prevent, reduce, or eliminate the client's health problems.
Outcome goals are documented on the client's care plan. Assessment
data (option 1) is used to help identify a client's human response, and
once a plan is established, the interventions are implemented (option
3) and evaluated (option 4).
When the client resists taking a liquid medication that is essential to
treatment, the nurse demonstrates critical thinking by doing which of
the following first?
A. Omitting this dose of medication and waiting until the client is more
cooperative
B. Suggesting the medication can be diluted in a beverage
C. Asking the nurse manager about how to approach the situation
D. Notifying the physician inability to give the client this medication -
ANSWER-B. Suggesting the medication can be diluted in a beverage
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