DSM -5 & the Classification of Mental Disorders Categories, Dimensions, and Prototypes - Classical (or pure) categorical approach -Strict categories and rigid criteria Dimensional approach -Continuous dimensions and scores Prototypal approach -Uses categories but permits flexible criteria (and crude dimensions) Characteristics of Abnormal Behavior - -Atypical (statistically uncommon) -Violates social/cultural norms -Causes personal discomfort (distress) -Maladaptive (impairment) Clinical Significance - Most diagnoses require that "the disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning" (p. 21). Defining "Mental Disorder" - "A syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning" (p. 20). "Mental disorders are usually associated with significant distress or disability in social, occupational, or other important activities" (p. 20). Exclusions:
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