CS-6250 Lesson 1 Exam/12 Q’s and
A’s (Introduction, History, and
Internet Architecture)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - -This is a connection-oriented service
to applications running on layer above, it provides guaranteed delivery of
application-layer messages, flower control (matches sender/receiver's
speeds), congestion-control (slow down transmission rate if it detects
congestion in the network)
-UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - -A connectionless best-effort service to
apps running in the layer above without reliability, flow or congestion control.
-Hosts - -computers linking individual personal computer users to the
internet
-Routers - -special purpose devices that are designed to read the source
and destination address fields in IP packet headers to decide where to send
(route) the packet next (Layer 3)
-Switch - -A layer 2 device that used to connect two or more network
segments and regulate traffic.
-end-to-end principle - -An early network concept that originally meant that
applications and work should happen only at the endpoints in a network,
such as in a single client and a single server.
-Evo Arch Model - -Through this model researchers were able to explain how
the hierarchical structure of the layer architecture eventually lead to the
hourglass shape.
-Hub - -Simple devices that connect network components, sending a packet
of data to all other connected devices (Layer 1)
-bridge - -A device with multiple inputs/outputs that transfers frames from
an input to one or multiple outputs. It learns from each frame it receives by
populating a forwarding table so that it forwards frames on specific ports
instead of broadcasting everywhere. (Layer 2)
-Spanning Tree Algorithm - -Software that ensures that frames are not
transmitted in an endless loop and that enables frames to be sent along the
most cost-effective network path.
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