Public Service Exam 2 || All Answers Are Correct 100%.
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Module
Public Service
Institution
Public Service
Position Classifications and Pay Grades correct answers 1)Political career
PAS made up of political executives, and secretaries which are appointed and confirmed by the President
2)Schedule c appointees
Political appointees in non-policy making decisions
Created during Eisenhower administ...
Public Service Exam 2 || All Answers Are Correct 100%.
Position Classifications and Pay Grades correct answers 1)Political career PAS made up of political executives, and secretaries which are appointed and confirmed by the President 2)Schedule c appointees Political appointees in non-policy making decisions Created during Eisenhower administration No permanent job descriptions Administration determines the job Patronage appointments Examples such as Monica Lewinsky and Linda Tripp 3) Political senior executive service Created by civil service reform act of 1978: Act that said Most are career bureaucrats
At will appointees
Presidents and political executives have discretion in determining responsibilities
Criteria and Procedures for Hiring and Firing correct answers 1) Objective merit-based criteria; procedures for getting rid of people; Due Process requirement 2) Consists of Position classification and pay grades 3) Personnel and HR system
Government by Gentleman correct answers "Era of the elite."
Main Criteria family backgrounds- the fitness of character was related with the family background How elite they were Early federal elites were from the upper-class and aristocracy Based on conception of merit
The Spoils System correct answers Government by the common man
Andrew Jackson is the father of this era
Common man was good enough to hold a government job
Once you got a government job, you weren't entitled to keep it
Spoil system: to the victor goes the spoil meaning you get everything; awarding supporters with positions in government
Get wholesale turnover in government jobs from era to era
Spoils systems proved decreasingly effective as a guarantor of having control of an administration Consequences of the spoils system:
1.Periodic chaos which attended changes in administration 2. Association of public admin. with politics and incompetence
3.Growing conflicts between executive and legislative appointments 4. Increased demands
The Merit System correct answers The good system (1883-1906)
Alternative to the spoil system
Good honest competent people should be in charge
Civil Service Act of 1833: Reaction to the Spoils system as am alternative. b. The Efficient system (1906-1937)
Traditional model of public administration
Detailed systems of position classifications
c. The manager's system (1937-1968)
All of these lead to the merit system
Reaction to the spoils system
The Pendleton Act (or Civil Service Act of 1883) correct answers - civil service reform that accepted the principles of egalitarianism and of equal opportunity in public service
A Progressive Institution correct answers Believed in good government
Government should be good and honest
Took off in the late 1800s
Efficient government
City manager reform movement- local governments should have professional managers
The merit system of personnel administration
Comes from the assassination of President Garfield
Key Features of the Pendleton Act correct answers Merit: idea that most government jobs should
be filled on the basis of objective merit. Use of objective tests. To be removed from a job must have job-related purposes to removal so removal cannot be based on religion, hair color, family, or etc. Due process: protect civil servants
Civil service commission: created to protect the due process and merit systems
1) Ensure that agencies were using the merit system for hiring and promoting people 2) Act as an appeals board
Departures from the British System correct answers i. Specialists vs. generalists
British system used examinations that stressed general knowledge- Looking for well-rounded people
the US wanted objective examinations that stressed job-related skills creating the idea of specialists ii. Entry into a job
1. there was lateral entry in the US system meaning if one has the qualifications then they could take the job
2. but in the British system you start at the bottom and then work your way up Iii. Rank in the individual (British) vs. rank in the position (US system)
1. position in the US determines all while the British is dependent on the person
Both believe Government service should be neutral but British take it further by not having a layer of political people at the top of their bureaucratic system
Broader Implications correct answers It took a lot of the patronage appointments away
Weakening political parties
(Pros and Cos of Each system) correct answers A. Generalists (British): People can go to multiple fields; see the bigger picture
Disadvantage of the British system: Organizations are becoming more complex so specialized knowledge is more needed
B. Merit System Ties hands of public managers to manage systems
Possible Advantages of Patronage correct answers Easier for people that are elected to be held accountable to whoever puts them in charge In some ways, it can promote diversity Mechanism for integrating groups in society
The Downside of Civil Service Protections correct answers Makes it hard to fire people- ties hands of administrators
Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 correct answers 1)First major at federal level to revise the civil
servant system
2)Codified collective bargaining: rules established by executive orders 3) Creation of the senior executive service You could move around but still have senior service protections
Move experts from place to place
Exists between those who are appointed by president and approved by congress and those who are career bureaucrats
Similar to Flag officers in the military
Governed by the office of personnel management Agencies will nominate people to become part of the senior executive service and the OPM will put together a board to review the merits of the people who have been nominated
Once appointed, you stay there as long as your performance is satisfactory
Qualifications to be in the senior executive service
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