IHOP first Exam | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025
Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | 100% Pass
The human body has 10 physiological organ systems - ✔️✔️integumentary, musculoskeletal, respiratory,
digestive, urinary, immune, circulatory, nervous, endocrine, and reproductive
integumentary system - ✔️✔️barrier, retention, excretion, temp regulation
nervous system - ✔️✔️receive input processes,
drive output
internal/external autonomic (sympathetic and parasympathetic)
somatic
musculoskeletal system - ✔️✔️structure
movement
protection
hematopoiesis
storage
circulatory system - ✔️✔️transport
exchange
delivery/ removal
temp
solute balance
repiratory system - ✔️✔️breathing
gas exchange
vocalization
chemical sensation
,temp
urinary system - ✔️✔️filtration
excretion
storage
solute levels
volume control
digestive system - ✔️✔️ingestion
motility
digestion
absorption
defacation
immune system - ✔️✔️protection
bacteria
viruses
parasites
xenobiotics
endocrine system - ✔️✔️regulation
metabolism
growth
development
tissue function
reproductive system - ✔️✔️production
maintenance
,delivery
development
homeostasis - ✔️✔️process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
depends on mass balance
Law of mass balance - ✔️✔️•What goes in, must come out.
•Amount remains constant if input is offset by loss
•Input from outside
•Excretion to outside
•Mass flow
Homeostasis Disruption - ✔️✔️•Dynamic steady state (not equilibrium)
•Compensation=Homeostasis reestablished
•Failure to compensate= Disease
•Study of failure to compensate is pathophysiology
heart is on... - ✔️✔️systole
heart is off - ✔️✔️diastole
If the heart is a pump, how do the tissues have a constant blood flow? - ✔️✔️windkessel effect:
elastic arteries
Elastic arteries convert kinetic energy into potential
-Expand during systole (on) to
, slow down blood flow
-Constrict during diastole (off)
to increase blood flow
Regulated variables are kept... - ✔️✔️•within normal range by control mechanisms
•Keeps near set point, or optimum value
•Control systems—local and reflex - ✔️✔️•Input signal
•Integrating center
•Output signal
a simple control system - ✔️✔️
local control is... - ✔️✔️•Local control restricted to a tissue
•Reflex control - ✔️✔️•Long-distance pathway
•Uses nervous and/or endocrine systems
Response loop - ✔️✔️control pathway that begins with the stimulus and ends with the response
type 1 diabetes mellitus - ✔️✔️diabetes in which there is no beta cell production (pancreas) of insulin--the
patient is dependent on insulin for survival
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