A&P - Endocrine System Guaranteed Success - What are endocrine glands?
Endocrine glands are ductless structures that release their hormonal substances directly into the
bloodstream.
Hormones - What are hormones?
Hormones are either steroidal or amino acid-based molecules released into...
A&P - Endocrine System Guaranteed Success
- What are endocrine glands?
Endocrine glands are ductless structures that release their hormonal substances directly into the
bloodstream.
Hormones
- What are hormones?
Hormones are either steroidal or amino acid-based molecules released into the blood, serving as
chemical messengers that regulate specific bodily functions.
Gland
- What is a gland?
A gland is an organ designed to secrete or excrete substances for further use in the body or for removal
from the body.
Exocrine Glands
- What are exocrine glands?
Exocrine glands possess ducts that transport their secretions to particular sites within the body.
Pineal Gland
- Where is the pineal gland located and what does it secrete?
The pineal gland is situated in the brain's diencephalon and is responsible for secreting melatonin.
Pituitary Gland
- What is the pituitary gland and its functions?
The pituitary gland is a neuroendocrine gland found beneath the hypothalamus. Its anterior lobe
produces hormones such as LH (luteinizing hormone), FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), GH (growth
hormone), TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), and PRL
(prolactin). The posterior lobe releases oxytocin and ADH (vasopressin), which are made by
hypothalamic neurons.
, Thyroid Gland
- What is the location and function of the thyroid gland?
The thyroid gland is an endocrine gland located anterior to the trachea. It secretes the amine hormone
known as "thyroid hormone" and the peptide hormone calcitonin.
Parathyroid Gland
- Where are parathyroid glands found and what do they secrete?
Parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands, usually four in number, located on the rear side of the
thyroid gland. They secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH).
Thymus Gland
- What is the thymus gland and its role?
The thymus gland is an endocrine gland located deep in the thorax, just behind the sternum. It
produces a group of peptide hormones, including thymosin and thymopoietin, and is large at birth,
growing until puberty.
Adrenal Gland
- What are the features of the adrenal glands?
Adrenal glands are paired endocrine structures positioned above the kidneys. Each gland has an outer
cortex and an inner medulla. The cortex secretes mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens,
while the medulla releases catecholamines.
Pancreas
- Describe the pancreas and its functions.
The pancreas is located behind the stomach, nestled between the spleen and the duodenum. It has
both endocrine (producing hormones like insulin and glucagon) and exocrine functions (releasing
digestive juices into the small intestine via ducts).
Ovaries
- What are the functions of the ovaries?
The ovaries, which are paired endocrine glands in the female pelvic cavity, produce female gametes
and secrete the steroid hormones estrogen and progesterone, as well as the peptide hormone inhibin.
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