Jupiter
~ largest planet
gas giant
strong magnetic field
counter rotating layers in the atmosphere
mantle composed of metallic hydrogen
Has 79 orbiting moons
Saturn
~ second-largest and sixth planet from the Sun; has a complex ring system, at least
31 moons, and a thick atmosphere made m...
✓✓✓✓~ Changes the size or shape of a rock body caused by stress
Compressive stress formula
✓✓✓✓~ L-Lo/Lo
,What creates strains in the earths crust
✓✓✓✓~ Continuous tectonic plate movement
Deformation: Types of stress
✓✓✓✓~ 1. Differential stress - applied unequally from different directions
2. Compressional stress - shortens a rock body
3. Tensional stress - elongates a rock body
4. Shear stress - changes the shape of a rock body
Deformation of a rock body
✓✓✓✓~ All of the changes in the original form/size of a rock body
Where do most crustal deformations occur
✓✓✓✓~ Along or near plate margins
Crystal deformation
✓✓✓✓~ Under directed pressure from tectonics, atoms move (slowly) within a solid to
create shortening in one direction
Ways rocks can deform
, ✓✓✓✓~ 1. Elastic deformation - recoverable deformations (ex. like a spring)
2. Brittle fracture - break into pieces (ex. like a broken bone)
3. Ductile deformation - permanent deformation without breaking (ex. bending a
wire)
Geologic structures
✓✓✓✓~ 1. folds
2. faults
3. joints
How to map geological structures
✓✓✓✓~ 1. determine the steepest angle or inclination from horizontal to the plane
2. Indicate dip direction (bearing or azimuth of the dip)
3. The strike (azimuth 90 degree to dip direction)
How rocks form
✓✓✓✓~ Temperature and confining pressure
Ductile deformation process
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