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Lean Six Sigma Guide Questions and Answers Rated A+
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Lean Six Sigma GuideThe primary focus of Six Sigma. - answer Quality and consistency.
A process generates a sample mean beyond the UCL. But the process mean has not
shifted. Because the sample mean is outside the control limits, the process is
considered to be out-of-control. What type of error has been made? - answerAlpha
The type of process control chart in which sample means are recorded. - answerX-Bar
Chart
The type of process control chart that records process variation when the sample size is
less than twelve. - answerR-Chart
The distribution that describes the way in which sample means vary around the
population mean. - answerDistribution of Sample Means
A graph that only includes data points representing the output from an operational
process. - answerScatter Plot
Purpose of an X-Bar chart? - answerTo ensure that the process mean has not shifted,
and that the process is in control.
Define Within-Sample Variation. - answerThe variation expressed by data points in a
sample. Measured as a range or standard deviation.
What is USL? - answerUpper Specification Limit. The level above which output is
considered to be unacceptable by the customer. For example, service levels at a call
center where wait time is more than ten minutes.
The centerline in an X-Bar chart. - answerAverage Process Mean. Also referred to as a
Target.
Pareto Chart - answerA type of bar chart that represents the categories and magnitude
of each possible source of a problem, and a line graph that represents the cumulative
percent that eliminating these problems will contribute to solving the overall set of
problems expressed in the chart.
Value Added - answerA concept in Lean that identifies the value added by a step in an
operational process. Value added is defined from the customer's point of view. As long
as the customer receives value from the step, it is considered "Value Added."
, When a sample mean falls above the UCL, or below the LCL, what does this suggest
about the process mean? - answerThe process mean has shifted, and the process is
out of control. However, the process may still be in control. If this is the situation, an
Alpha error has been committed.
When designing a new X-Bar Chart, how is the process mean positioned on the chart? -
answerSeveral preliminary samples are taken - usually in the range of five samples -
and the average of all of these samples is used to estimate the process mean. So we
are talking about the average of the averages, or a "Grand Mean."
The statistic that measures the variation in the distribution of sample means. -
answerStandard Error of the Mean
What is a Business Case in a Lean Six Sigma project? - answerA document or report
describing how a Lean Six Sigma project will solve a business problem.
The statistical term for the average output produced from a process. - answerProcess
Mean
Process Variation - answerThe expected and normal variation that occurs as processes
deliver their output. No two individual outputs from the same process will be exactly the
same. There is variability in every process. In some processes, output variation is large,
and in others, small.
What is Process Variation? - answerA measure that describes the extent of output
variation from one output event to the next.
Define Alpha Error. - answerThe situation in which a process that is in control generates
a process mean that is outside the LCL or UCL. While this is usually interpreted as a
warning that the process is out of control, the process may still be in control, yet
producing a sample result outside these limits. For a process whose limits are set at
plus and minus two standard errors from the process mean, this likelihood is 5 percent.
Process Capability - answerProcess Capability, Cp, measures how close the output of a
process is to its specification limits. The larger the Process Capability Index, the less
likely it is that process output will be outside the specifications.
Cp =(USL - LSL)/(6 * σ)
A process has generated a sample mean within the LCL and UCL. But the process
mean has actually shifted. What type of error has been made? - answerBeta
Three characteristics that determine the type of control chart. - answerContinuous or
discrete data. Sample size, The statistic to plot: mean or variance.
Challenges addressed by Lean? - answerWaste
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