NSG 322 Pharm Final Exam Questions and Correct Answers
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Module
NSG 322
Institution
NSG 322
Prototype for antipsychotic (trade/generic), treatment for schizophrenia haldol/haloperidol
How long does it take the typical antipsychotic drug to reach its therapeutic effect? several days
What would you say if a patient calls and states that the antipsychotic drug isn't working within the 1st ...
nsg 322 pharm final exam questions and correct ans
prototype for antipsychotic tradegeneric treat
how long does it take the typical antipsychotic dr
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NSG 322 Pharm Final Exam Questions
and Correct Answers
Prototype for antipsychotic (trade/generic), treatment for schizophrenia
✅haldol/haloperidol
How long does it take the typical antipsychotic drug to reach its therapeutic effect?
✅several days
What would you say if a patient calls and states that the antipsychotic drug isn't working
within the 1st couple of days? ✅keep taking it (they don't work right away)
What should we inform the patient about antipsychotics concerning taking the
prescription? ✅take consistently (doses need to build up in the body)
What receptors do antipsychotics (haldol/haloperidol) block? ✅dopamine, alpha, and
serotonin
Is haldol/haloperidol highly protein bound? ✅yes (92%)
How does the nurse make sure that the patient is complying and adhering to the
antipsychotic regimen? ✅build a relationship (establish trust)
Adverse effects of haldol/haloperidol ✅extrapyramidal effects (pseudoparkinsonism,
tardive dyskinesia); seizures
Stop giving haldol/haloperidol if the patient has this disease ✅parkinson's disease
(avoid starts and stops)
Where is haldol/haloperidol metabolized? ✅liver
What population has a black box warning associated with haldol/haloperidol? ✅elderly
patients with dementia-related psychosis
What is the prototype drug (trade/generic) used for alzheimer-type dementia?
✅exelon/rivastigmine
What enzyme does exelon/rivastigmine inhibit? ✅acetylcholinesterase enzyme
What effect does exelon/rivastigmine have on acetylcholine? ✅increases amount of
acetylcholine (prevents breakdown of it)
,What is the most common adverse effect of exelon/rivastigmine? ✅gi upset (take with
food)
What is the most serious side effect of exelon/rivastigmine? ✅bradycardia
Is exelon/rivastigmine curative or palliative? ✅palliative (does not cure the disease)
What does acetylcholine help regulate (think about what the brain does)? ✅regulates
memory and cognition
What metabolizes exelon/rivastigmine? ✅ache
What is the main route/dosage of exelon/rivastigmine? ✅po; 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 mg
Is exelon/rivastigmine highly protein bound? ✅no (40%)
What is the prototype (trade/generic) antiepileptic drug that decreases sodium influx
✅dilantin/phenytoin
What pt education should the nurse provide when talking about the suspension form of
phenytoin? ✅must be shaken (before pouring, measure the dose)
Is phenytoin highly protein bound? ✅yes (90-95%)
If the pt is homeless and is an alcoholic, would dilantin/phenytoin be effective? ✅no:
malnourished (pt may have seizures because there is not enough protein in the body)
What types of seizures does dilantin/phenytoin control? ✅partial and generalized
(grand mal) seizures
Where is dilantin/phenytoin mostly metabolized by? ✅liver
What is the primary site of action of dilantin/phenytoin? ✅motor cortex
Rate of metabolism among people when taking dilantin/phenytoin ✅varies greatly
How does dilantin/phenytoin work? ✅blocks inactive sodium channels (delays action-
potential b/t synapses, which prevents excessive muscle contractions during a grand
mal seizure)
What must the nurse do when administering phenytoin via iv route? ✅give slowly
(black box warning for effects on ventricular automaticity)
, In terms of the mentality of the pt, what should the nurse assess for in a pt taking
dilantin/phenytoin? ✅increase in suicidal thoughts (also affects cns w/ symptoms such
as ataxia)
What are 2 examples of the most serious adverse effects of dilantin/phenytoin? ✅liver
damage and blood dyscrasia
Can drug therapy of dilantin/phenytoin be stopped? ✅no (doing so can cause status
epilepticus)
What is dilantin/phenytoin contraindicated with? ✅alcohol intolerance and heart
conditions (sinus bradycardia, sa or av block)
What can happen if dilantin/phenytoin is administered too quickly via iv?
✅cardiovascular collapse (hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias)
What are two essential ideas the pt must know when beginning seizure drug therapy?
✅no alcohol and do not stop taking medication
What are the two best drugs for acute seizures? (trade/generic) ✅(benzodiazepines)
ativan/lorazepam, iv and valium/diazepam rectally (choose iv first)
What is the prototype benzodiazepine drug (trade/generic)? ✅ativan/lorazepam
What therapeutic effects does ativan/lorazepam have on the body? ✅sedation:
decreases anxiety and seizures
Is ativan/lorazepam highly protein bound? ✅yes (85%)
What do benzodiazepines do? ✅increase effects of gaba (inhibitory neurotransmitter
of the cns)
What is the site of action of ativan/lorazepam? ✅brain
What are some contraindications of ativan/lorazepam? ✅psychoses, glaucoma, intra-
arterial use
What happens if the pt suddenly stops ativan/lorazepam after prolonged periods of
time? ✅physical dependence (withdrawal symptoms could occur)
What kind of seizures are benzos (clonazepam) used for? ✅absence, atonic, and
myoclonic (also for absence seizures when ethosuximide has failed)
Is clonazepam highly protein bound? ✅yes (85%)
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