fruit development
~ what happens when auxin is applied to the stigma of a unpollinated flower ?
Provide food to animals eating the fruit even if pollination isn't successful
à Maintaining dispersers alive for seeds that do develop
~ Advantage of having some parthenocarpic fruits for the pl...
✓~ -Unlike other plants, Glaucophyta chloroplast has retained _____________
between the 2 enveloped membranes (bacterial endosymbiosis)
Rhodophyta (red algae)
✓~ most live in marine environments but Some live in freshwater, or even in
terrestrial niches (ex: on snow in Arctic)
coralline
✓~ Some multicellular forms of Rhodophyta are called
,crust
✓~ coralline are Not coral but have calcium carbonate crystals around their cell wall
called
food-Nori (red algae) are used in sushi
Carrageenan- extracted from red algae (e.g. Chondrus crispus): thickener,
gelling agent, stabilizer
- toothpaste, dog food, chocolate, baby food
Agar: food thickener, gelatinous
- liquid media becomes solid with addition of agar
(microbiology)
✓~ how is Rhodophyta used by humans ?
- triphasic life cycle (alternation of 3 generations: gametophyte (n),
carposporophyte(2n), and tetrasporophyte (2n))
- no flagellated cells at any point in their life cycle
, ✓~ Life cycle of red algae is a
- Chloroplastida (monophyletic)
- contains pigments: chlorophyll a and b, carotene, and xanthophyll
✓~ green plants (green algae and land plants)
starch (amylose or amylopectin), fat
✓~ Store energy/food as ______ in land plants and ______in animals
Chlorophyta (green algae)
✓~ chlorophyll b is the preponderant pigment in
land plants
✓~ chlorophyll a is preponderant in
biofuel
bioplastics
feedstock
, animal feed
fertillizer
food
vitamins
cosmetics
✓~ Ecosystem services for "Green algae"
Chlorophyta
✓~ 90% are found in freshwater
Flagellated-Chlamydomonas
No flagellum- Haematococcus
✓~ Unicellular Chlorophyta
strong antioxidant (astaxanthin) in stressful conditions and changes color
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